Physico-chemical properties and biological evaluation of graphene quantum dots for anticancer drug susceptibility.

IF 5.4 2区医学 Q1 BIOPHYSICS Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114322

Nirupam Das, Ravishankar Srivastava, Sawna Roy, Arup K De, Rajiv K Kar

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Abstract

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) possess unique optical and biocompatible properties, making them suitable candidates for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. This study reports the hydrothermal synthesis of pristine-GQD and doped variants: Nitrogen-GQD and Sulfur-GQD. The materials underwent thorough characterization techniques such as UV-vis, fluorescence, XRD, FE-TEM/SEM, EDX, and Raman spectroscopy. The particle sizes of these GQDs range from 2 to 5 nm. We conducted a comprehensive study through MTT assays to evaluate the potential cytotoxic effect of GQD and the doped variants. This study demonstrated their synergistic interactions with an anti-cancer drug, methotrexate (MTX), and also improvement of cytocompatibility in the presence of folic acid (FA). Systematic MD simulations revealed a compacting effect on the dynamic behavior of GQD and its variants in the presence of drugs. Fluorescence spectroscopy and computational modeling suggest non-intercalative surface interactions between GQDs and the drugs. The cytotoxic activity of pristine GQD on HeLa cervical cancer cells is higher than that of N-GQD and S-GQD. When treated with GQD-IC₅₀-MTX-IC₅₀, only 5.6 % of HeLa cells remained viable. The doped variants exhibited bio-compatibility when tested on normal HEK cell lines. Overall, this study emphasizes the potential of GQDs for targeted cancer therapy through an interdisciplinary approach involving material characterization, computational modeling, and biological assays.

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石墨烯量子点抗癌药物敏感性的物理化学特性和生物学评价。

石墨烯量子点（GQDs）具有独特的光学和生物相容性，是生物医学和制药应用的理想候选材料。本研究报告了棱柱石墨烯量子点和掺杂变体的水热合成：氮-GQD 和硫-GQD。这些材料经过了全面的表征技术，如紫外-可见光、荧光、XRD、FE-TEM/SEM、EDX 和拉曼光谱。这些 GQDs 的粒径在 2 到 5 nm 之间。我们通过 MTT 试验进行了一项综合研究，以评估 GQD 和掺杂变体的潜在细胞毒性效应。这项研究证明了它们与抗癌药物甲氨蝶呤（MTX）的协同作用，以及在叶酸（FA）存在下细胞相容性的改善。系统的 MD 模拟显示，在药物存在的情况下，GQD 及其变体的动态行为具有致密效应。荧光光谱和计算模型表明，GQD 与药物之间存在非交界面表面相互作用。原始 GQD 对 HeLa 宫颈癌细胞的细胞毒活性高于 N-GQD 和 S-GQD。当用 GQD-IC50-MTX-IC50 处理时，只有 5.6% 的 HeLa 细胞仍然存活。在对正常 HEK 细胞系进行测试时，掺杂变体表现出生物相容性。总之，这项研究通过涉及材料表征、计算建模和生物检测的跨学科方法，强调了 GQDs 在癌症靶向治疗方面的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 生物-材料科学：生物材料

CiteScore

11.10

自引率

3.40%

发文量

730

审稿时长

42 days

期刊介绍： Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research on colloid and interfacial phenomena in relation to systems of biological origin, having particular relevance to the medical, pharmaceutical, biotechnological, food and cosmetic fields. Submissions that: (1) deal solely with biological phenomena and do not describe the physico-chemical or colloid-chemical background and/or mechanism of the phenomena, and (2) deal solely with colloid/interfacial phenomena and do not have appropriate biological content or relevance, are outside the scope of the journal and will not be considered for publication. The journal publishes regular research papers, reviews, short communications and invited perspective articles, called BioInterface Perspectives. The BioInterface Perspective provide researchers the opportunity to review their own work, as well as provide insight into the work of others that inspired and influenced the author. Regular articles should have a maximum total length of 6,000 words. In addition, a (combined) maximum of 8 normal-sized figures and/or tables is allowed (so for instance 3 tables and 5 figures). For multiple-panel figures each set of two panels equates to one figure. Short communications should not exceed half of the above. It is required to give on the article cover page a short statistical summary of the article listing the total number of words and tables/figures.