{"title":"A novel pedicle screw design to maximize screw-bone interface strength using finite element analysis and design of experiment techniques.","authors":"Arvind Kumar Prajapati, Parimanathukovilakom Ramavarma Harikrishna Varma, Gurunathan Saravana Kumar, Chirathody Vayalappil Muraleedharan, Ganesh Divakar","doi":"10.31616/asj.2024.0220","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study design: </strong>Basic study.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to utilize finite element (FE) analysis and design of experiment (DoE) techniques to propose and optimize a novel pedicle screw design and compare its pull-out force with that of a control device.</p><p><strong>Overview of literature: </strong>Pedicle screw-based fixation is the gold-standard treatment for spine diseases, particularly in fusion procedures. However, pedicle screw loosening and breakage still occur in osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic patients. This research investigates screw design modifications to enhance screw-bone interface strength and reduce the likelihood of loosening.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conceptualized a novel pedicle screw considering vertebral bone morphology and strength differences. A validated FE model was developed and used in conjunction with DoE to determine the screw՚s optimum geometrical parameters. The FE model was validated through simulation and laboratory experiments using the control device. The optimized thread profiles for cortical bone and cancellous bone were determined, with pull-out force as the primary factor for screw design evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FE analysis results for the control device closely matched experimental results, with less than 5% difference. The chosen unique pitch/depth ratio showed maximum pull-out force for cortical bone, while DoE enabled the optimization of design parameters for cancellous bone. The optimized pedicle screw exhibited a 15% increase in pull-out force compared to the control device.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study proposes a novel pedicle screw design with better pull-out strength than the control device. Combining FE analysis with DoE is an effective approach for screw design optimization, reducing the need for extensive prototyping tests. A two-variable analysis suffices for optimizing cortical bone design parameters, while a multi-variable analysis is more effective for optimizing cancellous bone design parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":8555,"journal":{"name":"Asian Spine Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Asian Spine Journal","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.31616/asj.2024.0220","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ORTHOPEDICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Study design: Basic study.
Purpose: This study aimed to utilize finite element (FE) analysis and design of experiment (DoE) techniques to propose and optimize a novel pedicle screw design and compare its pull-out force with that of a control device.
Overview of literature: Pedicle screw-based fixation is the gold-standard treatment for spine diseases, particularly in fusion procedures. However, pedicle screw loosening and breakage still occur in osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic patients. This research investigates screw design modifications to enhance screw-bone interface strength and reduce the likelihood of loosening.
Methods: We conceptualized a novel pedicle screw considering vertebral bone morphology and strength differences. A validated FE model was developed and used in conjunction with DoE to determine the screw՚s optimum geometrical parameters. The FE model was validated through simulation and laboratory experiments using the control device. The optimized thread profiles for cortical bone and cancellous bone were determined, with pull-out force as the primary factor for screw design evaluation.
Results: FE analysis results for the control device closely matched experimental results, with less than 5% difference. The chosen unique pitch/depth ratio showed maximum pull-out force for cortical bone, while DoE enabled the optimization of design parameters for cancellous bone. The optimized pedicle screw exhibited a 15% increase in pull-out force compared to the control device.
Conclusions: The study proposes a novel pedicle screw design with better pull-out strength than the control device. Combining FE analysis with DoE is an effective approach for screw design optimization, reducing the need for extensive prototyping tests. A two-variable analysis suffices for optimizing cortical bone design parameters, while a multi-variable analysis is more effective for optimizing cancellous bone design parameters.
研究设计:目的:本研究旨在利用有限元(FE)分析和实验设计(DoE)技术,提出并优化一种新型椎弓根螺钉设计,并将其拔出力与对照装置的拔出力进行比较:椎弓根螺钉固定是治疗脊柱疾病的金标准,尤其是在融合手术中。然而,骨质疏松和非骨质疏松患者仍会出现椎弓根螺钉松动和断裂。这项研究探讨了如何改进螺钉设计,以增强螺钉与骨界面的强度,降低松动的可能性:方法:考虑到椎骨形态和强度差异,我们设计了一种新型椎弓根螺钉。我们开发了一个经过验证的 FE 模型,并将其与 DoE 结合使用,以确定螺钉的最佳几何参数。通过使用控制装置进行模拟和实验室实验,对 FE 模型进行了验证。确定了皮质骨和松质骨的优化螺纹轮廓,并将拔出力作为评估螺钉设计的主要因素:结果:对照装置的 FE 分析结果与实验结果非常吻合,相差不到 5%。所选的独特螺距/深度比显示出皮质骨的最大拔出力,而 DoE 可优化松质骨的设计参数。与对照装置相比,优化后的椎弓根螺钉的拔出力增加了 15%:该研究提出了一种新型椎弓根螺钉设计,其拔出力优于对照装置。将有限元分析与 DoE 相结合是优化螺钉设计的有效方法,可减少大量原型测试的需要。双变量分析足以优化皮质骨设计参数,而多变量分析对优化松质骨设计参数更为有效。