Comparative pathogenesis of Ethiopia/Habru/2014 Lineage-IV peste des petits ruminants virus in goats and cattle.

IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES BMC Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI:10.1186/s12917-024-04313-3
Fasil Aklilu, Hagos Ashenafi, Tesfu Kassa, Hassen Chaka, Demeke Sibhatu, Dereje Shegu, Abde Aliy Mohammed, Redeat Belaineh, Menbere Kidane, Hagos Asgedom, Tesfaye Chibssa, Getnet Mekonnen, Asegedetch Sirak, Solomon Gebredufe, Claudia Schulz, Catherine M Herzog, Vivek Kapur
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Abstract

Background: Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious viral disease primarily affecting goats and sheep, with clinical manifestations ranging from peracute disease to subclinical infection, particularly in atypical hosts such as cattle. The role of atypical hosts such as cattle to the spread of PPR remains controversial, with conflicting reports in the literature. Despite its worldwide significance, considerable knowledge gaps exist regarding the pathogenesis and clinical progression in both primary and atypical hosts. This study aimed to elucidate the tissue tropism, pathogenesis, virus shedding, clinical progression, and pathology associated with experimental PPR virus infection in indigenous goats and cattle. To this end, 32 animals-16 goats and 16 cattle-were intranasally inoculated with the Ethiopia/Habru/2014 Lineage-IV strain of the PPR virus followed by detailed clinical evaluations and systematic sampling at pre-established intervals to assess serological conversion, viral shedding, and the pathogenesis of the infection across both species.

Results: The results show that goats exhibited typical clinical signs 4 days post-inoculation, with seroconversion by day 6 and early detection of viral RNA in swabs and tissues by day 3 and virus isolation starting day 4. In contrast, cattle exhibited minimal clinical signs, with seroconversion occurring at day 8 with viral RNA detected in tissue samples at day 4 and virus isolation starting day 6 in tissues and in a single nasal swab at day 8. Clinical scores and tissue positivity rates significantly differed between goats and cattle (P = 0.007 and P < 0.001, respectively). While goats exhibited expected gross and histopathological lesions, cattle showed only nonspecific lesions.

Conclusions: Together, our findings highlight the importance of comparative pathology studies for better understanding virus dynamics and transmission pathways that may help inform more effective PPR control programs. Future research should explore the pathogenesis of different PPRV lineages in cattle, assessing variations in disease progression and potential for epidemiological impact.

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埃塞俄比亚/哈布鲁/2014 Lineage-IV 小反刍兽疫病毒在山羊和牛中的致病机理比较。
背景:小反刍兽疫(PPR)是一种高度传染性的病毒性疾病,主要影响山羊和绵羊,临床表现从急性疾病到亚临床感染不等,尤其是在牛等非典型宿主中。牛等非典型宿主在 PPR 传播中所起的作用仍存在争议,文献中也有相互矛盾的报道。尽管 PPR 在全球范围内具有重要意义,但在原发宿主和非典型宿主的发病机制和临床进展方面仍存在相当大的知识差距。本研究旨在阐明与土著山羊和牛实验性感染 PPR 病毒有关的组织滋养、致病机理、病毒脱落、临床进展和病理学。为此,对 32 头动物(16 头山羊和 16 头牛)鼻内接种埃塞俄比亚/哈布鲁/2014 株系-IV 型 PPR 病毒,然后进行详细的临床评估,并在预先确定的时间间隔内进行系统采样,以评估血清学转换、病毒脱落以及两种动物的感染发病机制:结果表明,山羊在接种后 4 天出现典型的临床症状,第 6 天出现血清转换,第 3 天在拭子和组织中检测到病毒 RNA,第 4 天开始进行病毒分离。相比之下,牛的临床症状极轻,第 8 天出现血清转换,第 4 天在组织样本中检测到病毒 RNA,第 6 天开始在组织中分离到病毒,第 8 天在单个鼻拭子中分离到病毒。山羊和牛的临床评分和组织阳性率存在显著差异(P = 0.007 和 P 结论):总之,我们的研究结果凸显了比较病理学研究对于更好地了解病毒动态和传播途径的重要性,这有助于为更有效的 PPR 控制计划提供依据。未来的研究应探索不同 PPRV 系在牛体内的致病机理,评估疾病进展的差异和流行病学影响的潜力。
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来源期刊
BMC Veterinary Research
BMC Veterinary Research VETERINARY SCIENCES-
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
3.80%
发文量
420
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: BMC Veterinary Research is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of veterinary science and medicine, including the epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of medical conditions of domestic, companion, farm and wild animals, as well as the biomedical processes that underlie their health.
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