BMC Veterinary Research最新文献

Background: The current study aimed to investigate the varying concentrations of E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the mitochondrial function of buffalo luteal cells (LCs), and evaluate the protective effect of linoleic acid (LA) concurrent with toxic doses of LPS on LC performance during primary culture.

Methods: Ovaries containing a corpus luteum (n = 21) were transported to the laboratory within 1-2 h after slaughter. After isolating LCs and verifying their viability with trypan blue staining, cells were pre-incubated. The first experiment was performed by exposure of LCs to varying amounts of LPS (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 µg/mL) in the 24-well culture plate. Mitochondrial function was assessed using the MTT assay at 0, 24, and 48 h of incubation. In the second experiment, LA (as conjugated with bovine serum albumin) at different concentrations (0.125, 0.25, 0.50, and 1 mM) were added to LCs media concurrent with constant toxic dose of LPS (8 µg/mL). Mitochondrial function, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), amounts of lipid hydroperoxide (LHPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total nitrate-nitrite (TNN) were assessed at 0, 24 and 48 h. Experiments 1 and 2 consisted of four independent repetitions and a quadruplicate design for each experimental group.

Results: Co-administration of LA, particularly at concentrations of 0.25 and 0.50 mM, with LPS enhanced mitochondrial function and increased TAC levels at 24 and 48 h (P < 0.05). Total LHPO was not affected by LA administration. The TNN index was significantly reduced by LA treatment at doses of 0.25, 0.50, and 1 mM at 48 h (P < 0.001). Similarly, the MDA index was significantly reduced by all doses of LA at both 24 and 48 h (P = 0.038).

Conclusion: LA could ameliorate the harmful effects of E.coli's LPS on buffalo LCs via the reduction of nitrosative and peroxidative toxicity, and upregulating the antioxidant levels during primary culture. These findings suggest that LA-enriched feed warrants investigation for its effects on buffalo cow conception during breeding periods.

Background: Canine obesity is a significant health concern in spite of current feeding trends claiming healthier diets. Among these trends, raw meat-based diets (RMBD) have gained in popularity. Scientific evidence supporting these claims is limited, and nutritional imbalances are of concern in RMBD-fed dogs. This study aimed to assess the impact of RMBD-feeding on body condition in dogs in comparison to feeding a commercial complete diet (CD). A total of 104 healthy dogs were included, of which 51 dogs (age median: 4.1 years, interquartile range [IQR]: 3.2-5.9 years; body weight (BW) median: 24.8 kg, IQR: 16.3-31.9 kg) were fed an RMBD and 53 dogs (age median: 4.8 years, IQR: 3.3-5.8 years; BW median: 25.4 kg, IQR: 18.9-27.7 kg) received a CD, both for at least 12 months prior to enrollment. Enrolled dogs underwent two clinical evaluations 3-5 months apart. During these evaluations, blood, urine, and fecal samples were collected, and the patient and diet history was obtained.

Results: RMBD-fed dogs had lower body condition scores (BCS; median: 5, IQR: 4-5) compared to CD-fed dogs (median: 6, IQR: 5-7, P < 0.001). Energy intake was lower with RMBD rations (median coverage of the daily recommended metabolizable energy [ME]: 89%) compared to CD rations (median coverage of the daily recommended ME: 102%, P = 0.015). Coverage of the daily energy intake was inversely correlated with BCS. In RMBD rations, the calcium (Ca): phosphorus (P) ratio (median: 1.0), failed to meet the recommended ratio of 1.4 and was lower than with CD rations (median: 1.4, P < 0.001); estimated intakes of Ca (P < 0.001), P (P < 0.001), sodium (P < 0.001) and magnesium (P = 0.004) were lower than in CD rations but close to the recommendations. Estimated intakes of Ca, P, and sodium in CD rations were at least twice the recommended amounts. Blood serum analysis revealed lower serum iodine (P = 0.001), copper (P = 0.005), zinc (P < 0.001), and manganese (P = 0.035) concentrations in RMBD-fed dogs than in CD-fed dogs.

Conclusion: While RMBD-feeding might offer the advantage of a leaner body condition, concerns about nutritional imbalances warrant further investigation, even though RMBD-fed dogs do not show clinical signs of nutrient deficiencies.