Prevalence of and potential risk factors for multiple resistance to acaricides in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks: A survey in the state of Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil.

IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Medical and Veterinary Entomology Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI:10.1111/mve.12767
Priscila Teixeira Ferreira, Nathalia de Bem Bidone, Fernando Groff, Patrícia Silva da Silva, Mariana Silveira de Jesus, Debora da Cruz Payao Pellegrini, Rovaina Laureano Doyle, José Reck, Guilherme Klafke
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Abstract

The cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini, 1887) (Ixodida, Ixodidae) is responsible for significant economic losses in bovine production in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Control of this tick predominantly involves the use of chemical acaricides; however, their indiscriminate use has led to the selection of resistant populations. A survey on tick populations was conducted in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in Brazil, to assess the prevalence of multiple resistance to acaricides in cattle farms. Additionally, questionnaires were administered to identify potential risk factors associated with multiple resistance to acaricides. In total, 176 farms with a bovine population of ≥40 cattle were randomly assigned for tick sampling. The resistance to six acaricidal compounds was investigated by bioassays. A larval packet test was performed for amitraz, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, fipronil and ivermectin. Fluazuron was screened using an adult immersion test. Multiple resistance to acaricides (i.e., resistance to three or more compounds) was detected in 173 samples, representing 98% of the total samples. Among these samples, 125 (71%) showed resistance to all six compounds tested. Additionally, we classified the resistance intensity into four levels (I to IV) based on the quartile distribution of the bioassay data. Ten samples (6%) showed high and very high levels (III and IV) of resistance to all six compounds tested. Three variables were significantly associated with multiple resistance to the six acaricides tested: (i) use of injectable acaricides to control ticks, (ii) application of more than five acaricide treatments per year, and (iii) farms with larger herds (≥232 animals). These results regarding widespread resistance and the emergence of multiple resistance to acaricides ticks are alarming and highlight the significant challenge of tick control in southern Brazil.

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Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus蜱对杀螨剂产生多重抗药性的普遍性和潜在风险因素:巴西南里奥格兰德州的一项调查。
牛蜱 Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini, 1887) (Ixodida, Ixodidae) 是造成全球热带和亚热带地区牛生产重大经济损失的罪魁祸首。对这种蜱虫的控制主要是使用化学杀螨剂;然而,滥用化学杀螨剂导致了抗药性种群的产生。我们在巴西南里奥格兰德州对蜱虫种群进行了调查,以评估牛场对杀螨剂产生多重抗药性的普遍程度。此外,还进行了问卷调查,以确定与杀螨剂多重抗药性相关的潜在风险因素。共随机分配了 176 个牛存栏数≥40 头的农场进行蜱虫采样。通过生物测定调查了六种杀螨化合物的抗药性。对双甲脒、毒死蜱、氯氰菊酯、氟虫腈和伊维菌素进行了幼虫包测试。使用成虫浸泡试验对氟啶脲进行了筛选。在 173 个样本中检测到了对杀螨剂的多重抗药性(即对三种或三种以上化合物产生抗药性),占样本总数的 98%。在这些样本中,125 个样本(71%)对所有六种测试化合物都表现出抗药性。此外,我们还根据生物测定数据的四分位分布将抗药性强度分为四个等级(I 至 IV)。有 10 个样本(6%)对所有六种受测化合物都表现出高度和极高度(III 和 IV)的抗药性。以下三个变量与六种杀螨剂的多重抗药性明显相关:(i) 使用注射杀螨剂控制蜱虫;(ii) 每年使用五次以上杀螨剂;(iii) 畜群较大(≥232 头)的农场。这些关于蜱虫对杀螨剂普遍产生抗药性和多重抗药性的结果令人担忧,凸显了巴西南部在蜱虫控制方面面临的巨大挑战。
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来源期刊
Medical and Veterinary Entomology
Medical and Veterinary Entomology 农林科学-昆虫学
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
5.30%
发文量
65
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Medical and Veterinary Entomology is the leading periodical in its field. The Journal covers the biology and control of insects, ticks, mites and other arthropods of medical and veterinary importance. The main strengths of the Journal lie in the fields of: -epidemiology and transmission of vector-borne pathogens changes in vector distribution that have impact on the pathogen transmission- arthropod behaviour and ecology- novel, field evaluated, approaches to biological and chemical control methods- host arthropod interactions. Please note that we do not consider submissions in forensic entomology.
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