Arabidopsis MORC1 and MED9 Interact to Regulate Defense Gene Expression and Plant Fitness.

IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES Plant Pathology Journal Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.5423/PPJ.OA.07.2024.0107
Ji Chul Nam, Padam Shekhar Bhatt, April Bonnard, Dinesh Pujara, Hong-Gu Kang
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Abstract

Arabidopsis MORC1 (Microrchidia) is required for multiple levels of immunity. We identified 14 MORC1-interacting proteins (MIPs) via yeast two-hybrid screening, eight of which have confirmed or putative nuclear-associated functions. While a few MIP mutants displayed altered bacterial resistance, MIP13 was unusual. The MIP13 mutant was susceptible to Pseudomonas syringae, but when combined with morc1/2, it regained wild-type resistance; notably, morc1/2 is susceptible to the same pathogen. MIP13 encodes MED9, a mediator complex component that interfaces with RNA polymerase II and transcription factors. Expression analysis of defense genes PR1, PR2, and PR5 in response to avirulent P. syringae revealed that morc1/2 med9 expressed these genes in a slow but sustained manner, unlike its lower-order mutants. This expression pattern may explain the restored resistance and suggests that the interplay of MORC1/2 and MED9 might be important in curbing defense responses to maintain fitness. Indeed, repeated challenges with avirulent P. syringae triggered significant growth inhibition in morc1/2 med9, indicating that MED9 and MORC1 may play an important role in balancing defense and growth. Furthermore, the in planta interaction of MED9 and MORC1 occurred 24 h, not 6 h, postinfection, suggesting that the interaction functions late in the defense signaling. Our study reveals a complex interplay between MORC1 and MED9 in maintaining an optimal balance between defense and growth in Arabidopsis.

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拟南芥 MORC1 和 MED9 相互作用,调控防御基因表达和植物健壮性
拟南芥的 MORC1(小噬菌体)是多层次免疫所必需的。我们通过酵母双杂交筛选确定了 14 个 MORC1 相互作用蛋白(MIPs),其中 8 个已证实或推测具有核相关功能。虽然一些 MIP 突变体显示出改变的细菌抗性,但 MIP13 却不同寻常。MIP13 突变体对丁香假单胞菌(Pseudomonas syringae)易感,但当它与 morc1/2 结合后,又恢复了野生型的抗性;值得注意的是,morc1/2 对相同的病原体也易感。MIP13 编码 MED9,这是一种介导复合体成分,与 RNA 聚合酶 II 和转录因子相互作用。通过分析防御基因 PR1、PR2 和 PR5 对无毒性 P. syringae 的反应,发现与低阶突变体不同,morc1/2 med9 以缓慢但持续的方式表达这些基因。这种表达模式可能解释了抗性恢复的原因,并表明 MORC1/2 和 MED9 的相互作用在抑制防御反应以保持健康方面可能很重要。事实上,无毒的 P. syringae 对 morc1/2 med9 的反复挑战会引发显著的生长抑制,这表明 MED9 和 MORC1 可能在平衡防御和生长方面发挥了重要作用。此外,MED9 和 MORC1 在植物体内的相互作用发生在感染后 24 小时,而不是 6 小时,这表明这种相互作用在防御信号传导的后期才发挥作用。我们的研究揭示了 MORC1 和 MED9 在拟南芥中维持防御和生长之间最佳平衡的复杂相互作用。
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来源期刊
Plant Pathology Journal
Plant Pathology Journal 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
4.30%
发文量
71
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: Information not localized
期刊最新文献
Molecular Identification and Genetic Diversity Analysis of Papaya Leaf Curl China Virus Infecting Ageratum conyzoides. Ralstonia solanacearum Infection Drives the Assembly and Functional Adaptation of Potato Rhizosphere Microbial Communities. Re-identification of Korean Isolates in the Colletotrichum dematium, C. magnum, C. orchidearum, and C. orbiculare Species Complexes. Arabidopsis MORC1 and MED9 Interact to Regulate Defense Gene Expression and Plant Fitness. Arabidopsis WRKY55 Transcription Factor Enhances Soft Rot Disease Resistance with ORA59.
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