Defining social reward: A systematic review of human and animal studies.

IF 17.3 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY Psychological bulletin Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI:10.1037/bul0000455
Ana Stijovic, Magdalena Siegel, Asena U Kocan, Isidora Bojkovska, Sebastian Korb, Giorgia Silani
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Abstract

Social rewards are strong drivers of behavior and fundamental to well-being, yet there is a lack of consensus regarding what actually defines a reward as "social." Because a systematic overview of existing social reward operationalizations is currently absent, a review of the literature seems necessary to advance toward a unified framework and to better guide research and theory. To bridge this gap, we preregistered and conducted the first comprehensive systematic review of human and animal experimental studies that used the term "social reward" and charted existing operationalizations, revealing the implicit and explicit definitions used in the field. Stimulus characteristics and measures of social reward were extracted from a total of 384 studies encompassing 42,118 participants and subjects. We provide detailed summaries of these elements, stratified by species (human/animal) and study type (behavioral, brain imaging, pharmacological, and physiological). Two main aspects were found to account for most of the difference in operationalizations: the sensory richness of a stimulus (intimacy) and engagement in social interaction (i.e., the synchronous observation and action between at least two individuals, viz., immediacy). Drawing insights from second-person neuroscience approaches and theoretical models in the field of human-computer interaction, we propose that human and animal research can greatly benefit from considering these properties, as they have important theoretical and practical consequences for human and translational research, with far-reaching implications for neighboring research fields such as those pertaining to social media and the development of artificial intelligence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

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社会奖赏的定义:人类和动物研究的系统回顾。
社会奖赏是行为的强大驱动力,也是幸福感的基础,然而,对于如何定义 "社会 "奖赏却缺乏共识。由于目前还没有对现有社会奖赏操作化的系统概述,因此似乎有必要对文献进行综述,以建立一个统一的框架,更好地指导研究和理论。为了弥补这一不足,我们预先登记并进行了首次全面系统的回顾,回顾了使用 "社交奖赏 "一词的人类和动物实验研究,并描绘了现有的操作方法,揭示了该领域使用的隐性和显性定义。我们从总共 384 项研究中提取了社会奖赏的刺激特征和测量方法,这些研究涉及 42,118 名参与者和受试者。我们按物种(人类/动物)和研究类型(行为学、脑成像、药理学和生理学)对这些要素进行了详细总结。我们发现,有两个主要方面可以解释操作性差异的大部分原因:刺激的感官丰富性(亲密性)和参与社会互动(即至少两个人之间的同步观察和行动,即即时性)。我们从第二人称神经科学方法和人机交互领域的理论模型中汲取灵感,提出人类和动物研究可以从考虑这些特性中获益匪浅,因为它们对人类研究和转化研究具有重要的理论和实践意义,并对邻近研究领域(如社交媒体和人工智能发展领域)产生深远影响。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
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来源期刊
Psychological bulletin
Psychological bulletin 医学-心理学
CiteScore
33.60
自引率
0.90%
发文量
21
期刊介绍: Psychological Bulletin publishes syntheses of research in scientific psychology. Research syntheses seek to summarize past research by drawing overall conclusions from many separate investigations that address related or identical hypotheses. A research synthesis typically presents the authors' assessments: -of the state of knowledge concerning the relations of interest; -of critical assessments of the strengths and weaknesses in past research; -of important issues that research has left unresolved, thereby directing future research so it can yield a maximum amount of new information.
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