Phenotypic characterization and genetic mapping of the semi-dwarf mutant sdw9 in maize.

IF 4.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Theoretical and Applied Genetics Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI:10.1007/s00122-024-04762-2
Jiawen Zhao, Baiyu Yuan, Hao Zhang, Xiao Guo, Liangfa Wang, Xiaoqian Qiu, QianKun Xie, Liqin Mu, Chenhui Ma, Teng Zhou, Javed Hussain, Xiaoyang Chen, Xuehai Zhang, Dong Ding, Jiong Wan, Jihua Tang
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Abstract

Key message: In summary, we characterized a maize semi-dwarf mutant, sdw9, and successfully isolated the responsible gene, which encodes a GRAS protein, through a combination of map-based cloning and Re-sequencing (Re-seq). Our findings demonstrate that the candidate gene ZmGRAS42 regulates BR signaling genes, thereby influencing internode development. This regulatory function likely involves processes such as cell division, cell cycle regulation and cell wall synthesis. Favorable variations of ZmGRAS42 identified in this study may hold promise for the development of lodging-resistant maize cultivars suitable for high-density planting, contributing to the improvement of maize breeding programs. Plant height and lateral root angle are crucial determinants of plant architecture in maize (Zea mays) which are closely related to lodging resistance at high planting density. These traits are intricately regulated by various phytohormones. Mutations affecting hormone biosynthesis and signaling often lead to reduced yield alongside diminished plant height, posing challenges in breeding dwarf maize varieties. In this study, the maize mutant sdw9 was characterized, which displays shorter stature and altered lateral root angle compared to WT, while showing potential to increase planting density and improve overall yield despite a slight reduction in single-ear yield. Employing positional cloning coupled with Re-seq techniques, we pinpointed a transposon insertion in the candidate gene ZmGRAS42, which encodes a GRAS transcription factor involved in BR signaling in maize. Transcriptome analysis revealed that ZmGRAS42 orchestrates the expression of several known dwarfing genes such as D8, Br2, and Na2, along with genes associated with cell wall organization, cell division, and cell cycle regulation, notably Cesa4, Cesa7, and Cyc11. Furthermore, identification of favorable ZmGRAS42 haplotypes linked to reduced plant height offers novel avenues for maize breeding strategies. These findings not only hold the potential for enhancing maize lodging resistance but also for optimizing land utilization through high-density planting practices.

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玉米半矮突变体 sdw9 的表型特征和遗传图谱。
关键信息:综上所述,我们对玉米半矮小突变体 sdw9 进行了鉴定,并通过基于图谱的克隆和测序(Re-sequencing,Re-seq)相结合的方法成功分离出了编码 GRAS 蛋白的责任基因。我们的研究结果表明,候选基因 ZmGRAS42 可调控 BR 信号转导基因,从而影响节间发育。这种调控功能可能涉及细胞分裂、细胞周期调控和细胞壁合成等过程。本研究发现的 ZmGRAS42 的有利变异可能有望培育出适合高密度种植的抗倒伏玉米品种,从而促进玉米育种计划的改进。株高和侧根角是玉米(Zea mays)植株结构的关键决定因素,它们与高密度种植时的抗倒伏性密切相关。这些性状受到各种植物激素的复杂调控。影响激素生物合成和信号传导的突变通常会导致产量下降,同时株高降低,这给培育矮秆玉米品种带来了挑战。本研究对玉米突变体 sdw9 进行了表征,与 WT 相比,sdw9 表现出较矮的株型和改变的侧根角度,尽管单穗产量略有减少,但仍显示出增加种植密度和提高总产量的潜力。通过定位克隆和Re-seq技术,我们确定了候选基因ZmGRAS42中的转座子插入,该基因编码一个参与玉米BR信号转导的GRAS转录因子。转录组分析表明,ZmGRAS42协调了几个已知矮化基因(如D8、Br2和Na2)以及与细胞壁组织、细胞分裂和细胞周期调控有关的基因(特别是Cesa4、Cesa7和Cyc11)的表达。此外,与植株高度降低有关的有利 ZmGRAS42 单倍型的鉴定为玉米育种策略提供了新的途径。这些发现不仅有可能提高玉米的抗倒伏能力,还能通过高密度种植优化土地利用。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
9.60
自引率
7.40%
发文量
241
审稿时长
2.3 months
期刊介绍: Theoretical and Applied Genetics publishes original research and review articles in all key areas of modern plant genetics, plant genomics and plant biotechnology. All work needs to have a clear genetic component and significant impact on plant breeding. Theoretical considerations are only accepted in combination with new experimental data and/or if they indicate a relevant application in plant genetics or breeding. Emphasizing the practical, the journal focuses on research into leading crop plants and articles presenting innovative approaches.
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