Post-migration infection with SARS-CoV-2 in Venezuelan migrants: A laboratory-based epidemiological observational study

IF 6.3 3区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI:10.1016/j.tmaid.2024.102772
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Abstract

Background

Since 2015, over 6 million Venezuelans migrated to Colombia and neighboring countries. While most people adhered to lockdown measures, migrants kept moving during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method

To investigate the extent of migration-associated SARS-CoV-2 infections, we interviewed 1209 adult Venezuelan migrants upon arrival to Bucaramanga, Colombia, 200 km from the Colombian-Venezuelan border along the main migration route during April–September 2021, collected individual-level socio-economic and clinical data, sampled blood and saliva, and assessed SARS-CoV-2 infection by serological, molecular and phylogenetic tools.

Results

SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positivity was 1.9 % (95 % Confidence Interval (CI), 1.2–2.9) without varying significantly over the study period (chi-square, p = 0.922) and significantly associated with stay in Colombia >14 days (p = 0.018; prevalence ratio 3.3, 95 % CI, 1.2–8.7). Pre-existing SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies were neither significantly associated with preventing infection (Chi-square, p = 0.188), nor symptom development (Fisher, p = 0.246). Predominance and time of detection of SARS-CoV-2 Mu and Gamma variants in migrants in comparison to available genomic data suggested infection predominantly in Colombia. SARS-CoV-2 IgG-based seroprevalence was 34.2 % (95 % CI, 31.5–36.9). Detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies was significantly associated with previous contact with infected individuals (p = 0.002).

Conclusions

SARS-CoV-2 infection occurred predominantly after immigration, potentially facilitated by densely populated border camps. Improved infrastructure and health care will prevent migration-associated spread of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases.
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委内瑞拉移民移居国外后感染 SARS-CoV-2 的情况:一项基于实验室的流行病学观察研究。
背景:自 2015 年以来,超过 600 万委内瑞拉人移居到哥伦比亚及其邻国。虽然大多数人都遵守了封锁措施,但在 COVID-19 大流行期间,移民仍在不断迁移:为了调查与移民相关的 SARS-CoV-2 感染情况,我们在 2021 年 4 月至 9 月期间采访了抵达布卡拉曼加(Bucaramanga)的 1209 名委内瑞拉成年移民,该地距离哥伦比亚-委内瑞拉边境 200 公里,是主要的移民路线,我们收集了个人层面的社会经济和临床数据,采集了血液和唾液样本,并通过血清学、分子学和系统发生学工具评估了 SARS-CoV-2 感染情况:SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR 阳性率为 1.9%(95% 置信区间 (CI),1.2-2.9),在研究期间无显著变化(卡方检验,p=0.922),与在哥伦比亚停留时间超过 14 天有显著关系(p=0.018;患病率比为 3.3,95% CI,1.2-8.7)。预先存在的 SARS-CoV-2 特异性抗体与预防感染(Chi-square,p=0.188)和症状发展(Fisher,p=0.246)均无明显关联。与现有基因组数据相比,移民中 SARS-CoV-2 Mu 和 Gamma 变体的主要特征和检测时间表明,感染主要发生在哥伦比亚。基于 SARS-CoV-2 IgG 的血清流行率为 34.2%(95% CI,31.5-36.9)。SARS-CoV-2特异性抗体的检测与之前与感染者的接触密切相关(P=0.002):结论:SARS-CoV-2 感染主要发生在移民之后,人口稠密的边境营地可能是促成感染的原因。改善基础设施和医疗保健将防止 COVID-19 和其他传染病在移民中传播。
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来源期刊
Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-INFECTIOUS DISEASES
CiteScore
19.40
自引率
1.70%
发文量
211
审稿时长
49 days
期刊介绍: Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease Publication Scope: Publishes original papers, reviews, and consensus papers Primary theme: infectious disease in the context of travel medicine Focus Areas: Epidemiology and surveillance of travel-related illness Prevention and treatment of travel-associated infections Malaria prevention and treatment Travellers' diarrhoea Infections associated with mass gatherings Migration-related infections Vaccines and vaccine-preventable disease Global policy/regulations for disease prevention and control Practical clinical issues for travel and tropical medicine practitioners Coverage: Addresses areas of controversy and debate in travel medicine Aims to inform guidelines and policy pertinent to travel medicine and the prevention of infectious disease Publication Features: Offers a fast peer-review process Provides early online publication of accepted manuscripts Aims to publish cutting-edge papers
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