[Influencing factors of occupational health of clinical nuclear medical staff].

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the characteristics and its influencing factors of occupational injury among clinical nuclear medicine staff, and to put forward suggestions for formulating relevant radiation protection intervention measures. Methods: In March 2022, a study was conducted involving 12 medical institutions engaged in nuclear medicine in Gansu Province. The occupational health examination data of 1451 clinical nuclear medicine staff were analyzed. The study subjects were divided into two groups based on the median annual effective dose of external exposure in 2022: Group A (annual effective dose ≤0.2 mSv, n=927) and group B (annual effective dose >0.2 mSv, n=524). The effects of annual effective dose, age, seniority, gender and occupational category on occupational health of clinical nuclear medicine staff were analyzed. Classification variables between groups were compared with Pearson χ(2) test. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the abnormal results. Results: The abnormal rates of white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC) and hemoglobin (HGB) in female clinical nuclear medical staff were higher than those in males, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). The abnormal rates of WBC and HGB in clinical nuclear medicine staff of different occupational categories were statistically significant (P<0.05). The abnormal rates of RBC and HGB of clinical nuclear medicine staff in annual effective dose group B were higher than those in group A, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression results showed that the abnormal risks of RBC in annual effective dose group B was 2.465 times of that in group A, the abnormal risks of RBC, WBC and HGB in females were 9.354, 2.939 and 6.760 times of those in males, respectively. The abnormal risk of WBC in the radiotherapy group was 2.334 times of that in general radiotherapy group. The abnormal risk of lens in nuclear medicine group was 2.459 times of that in general radiotherapy group. The abnormal risk of ECG and lens in ≥35 years old age group were 1.814 times and 1.969 times of those in <35 years old age group, respectively. The abnormal risk of lens of the ≥10 working years group was 1.899 times of that in the <10 working years group. The risk of lymphocyte micronucleus abnormality in the interventional group was 1.481 times of that in the general radiotherapy group, the risk of lymphocyte micronucleus abnormality in females was 2.215 times of that in males. The risk of lymphocyte micronucleus abnormality and lymphocyte chromosome aberration in ≥35 years old age group were 2.552 and 2.266 times of those in <35 years old age group, respectively. The risk of lymphocyte micronucleus abnormality in the group with≥10 working years was 1.443 times of that in<10 working years group (P<0.05) . Conclusion: Long-term low-dose ionizing radiation has a certain effect on the lens and genetic indexes of clinical nuclear medicine staff.