Assessing primary Tokophobia among Lebanese childless men and nulliparous women: psychometric validation of the Arabic versions of the fathers' fear of childbirth scale and Tokophobia severity scale.

IF 2.7 3区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY BMC Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI:10.1186/s40359-024-02080-2
Sarah Gerges, Ecem Yakın, Fouad Sakr, Mariam Dabbous, Sahar Obeid, Souheil Hallit
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Abstract

Introduction: Tokophobia is an intense and pathological fear of pregnancy and childbirth. Despite its significance, no research in Lebanon has investigated primary tokophobia within the general population. Nevertheless, it is crucial to assess the attitudes of both women and men, as potential future parents, towards pregnancy and childbirth, particularly during these challenging times for the Lebanese population. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Tokophobia Severity Scale (TSS) and Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale (FFCS) for assessing primary tokophobia among Lebanese nulliparous women and childless men, respectively.

Methods: This cross-sectional investigation encompassed all Lebanese governorates; 651 women and 618 men were recruited via social media platforms, using a snowball sampling technique. The questionnaire included the Tokophobia Severity Scale, the Fathers' Fear of Childbirth Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire, and the Lebanese Anxiety Scale.

Results: Factorial analysis of the TSS in women revealed a three-factor model: concerns related to personal complications (Factor 1), fetal well-being (Factor 2), and outward behavioral responses to fear (Factor 3). The FFCS also yielded a three-factor measurement model: emotional responses during the partner's childbirth (Factor 1), concerns regarding the hospital environment during childbirth (Factor 2), and anxieties surrounding the perinatal health of both the partner and child (Factor 3). Both scales were internally consistent with Cronbach's alpha > 0.9, indicating their reliability. The TSS and FFCS demonstrated statistically significant correlations with measures of anxiety and depression, thus attesting to convergent validity.

Conclusion: The results of this study provide evidence for the psychometric validity and reliability of the TSS and FFCS scales in Arabic-speaking populations. Given the previously overlooked nature of primary tokophobia in these populations, the availability of these validated instruments can significantly enhance the ability to detect and address this condition, ultimately facilitating the provision of necessary support services.

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评估黎巴嫩无子女男性和无产科女性的原发性托克恐惧症:阿拉伯语版父亲生育恐惧量表和托克恐惧症严重程度量表的心理测量验证。
导言托克恐惧症是一种对怀孕和分娩的强烈病态恐惧。尽管其意义重大,但在黎巴嫩还没有研究调查过普通人群中的原发性恐高症。然而,评估作为未来潜在父母的女性和男性对怀孕和分娩的态度至关重要,尤其是在黎巴嫩人口面临挑战的时期。因此,本研究旨在评估托克恐怖症严重程度量表(TSS)和父亲生育恐惧量表(FFCS)的心理测量特性,以分别评估黎巴嫩未婚女性和无子女男性的原发性托克恐怖症:这项横断面调查涵盖了黎巴嫩所有省份;通过社交媒体平台,采用滚雪球抽样技术,招募了 651 名女性和 618 名男性。调查问卷包括托克恐惧症严重程度量表、父亲生育恐惧量表、患者健康问卷和黎巴嫩焦虑量表:对妇女的 TSS 进行因子分析后发现了一个三因子模型:对个人并发症的担忧(因子 1)、对胎儿健康的担忧(因子 2)和对恐惧的外显行为反应(因子 3)。FFCS 也产生了一个三因素测量模型:伴侣分娩时的情绪反应(因素 1)、对分娩时医院环境的担忧(因素 2)以及对伴侣和孩子围产期健康的焦虑(因素 3)。两个量表的内部一致性良好,Cronbach's alpha 均大于 0.9,表明其具有可靠性。TSS和FFCS与焦虑症和抑郁症的测量结果在统计学上有显著的相关性,从而证明了它们的趋同效度:本研究结果为 TSS 和 FFCS 量表在阿拉伯语人群中的心理测量有效性和可靠性提供了证据。鉴于这些人群中的原发性托克恐怖症以前曾被忽视,这些经过验证的工具可以大大提高发现和解决这种情况的能力,最终促进提供必要的支持服务。
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来源期刊
BMC Psychology
BMC Psychology Psychology-Psychology (all)
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
2.80%
发文量
265
审稿时长
24 weeks
期刊介绍: BMC Psychology is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers manuscripts on all aspects of psychology, human behavior and the mind, including developmental, clinical, cognitive, experimental, health and social psychology, as well as personality and individual differences. The journal welcomes quantitative and qualitative research methods, including animal studies.
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