BMC Psychology最新文献

This study examined the link among environmentally conscious organizational citizenship behavior (OCBE) and responsible leadership among 167 management-level workers in manufacturing plants of arts industry in a developing economy. The study explored the impact of responsible leadership on OCBE, both directly and indirectly through colleague exchange. It also explored the role of a green organizational environment, employee goal orientation, and supervisory support in regulating the link between coworker exchange and OCBE. The findings indicated that responsible leadership held a substantial and favorable influence on organizational citizenship behavior and that this link was mediated via colleague interchange. Workers who exhibited high degrees of goal orientation and were exposed to a sustainable work environment exhibited higher organizational citizenship behavior towards the environment (OCBE), suggesting a connection between colleague contact and OCBE. However, the support from supervisors did not have any moderating effect on this association. The study offers practical and management insights into how to encourage eco-behavior in the workplace.

This study aimed to examine the relationship between resilience and internet addictive behaviours, focusing on cross-cultural contexts involving tertiary education students in Ghana and Saudi Arabia. Using a cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 738 students across selected universities in both countries. Structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques were employed to analyse the data. The findings indicated that most respondents exhibited low resilience levels alongside a high prevalence of internet addictive behaviours. A significant positive relationship was identified between resilience levels and various dimensions of internet addiction, as well as the overall composite of internet addictive behaviours. Interestingly, while low resilience levels were found to increase the risk of internet addiction, higher resilience levels also appeared to heighten susceptibility to addictive behaviours. These results suggest the need for targeted interventions to address internet addiction. Programs should focus on enhancing resilience through resilience-building initiatives, promoting digital well-being, and integrating mental health support services. These approaches can help mitigate the risks associated with internet addiction while fostering healthier coping mechanisms in students across diverse cultural settings.

Background: This study examines the impact of knowledge management practices (KMP) on job satisfaction, focusing on the mediating roles of learning opportunities and communication quality. It aims to provide insights into how effectively KMP can enhance employee satisfaction in Pakistan's IT sector.

Method: The research utilizes cross-sectional data collected from 345 IT sector employees in Pakistan. A survey method was employed, using a structured questionnaire to gather the necessary data. The data was then analyzed to determine the relationships between KMP, learning opportunities, communication quality, and job satisfaction.

Results: The findings reveal that KMP has a significant positive impact on job satisfaction. Additionally, KMPs are found to positively influence learning opportunities and communication quality, which in turn significantly contribute to job satisfaction. The results demonstrate that learning opportunities and communication quality mediate the relationship between KMP and job satisfaction.

Discussion: This study recommends that the IT sector in Pakistan can improve job satisfaction by developing effective KMP that supports learning and communication quality. These practices also enhance employee satisfaction and are compatible with the identified strategic objectives of a knowledge-based economy in Pakistan's framework. In addition, this research extends the theoretical literature on the relationship between KMP and job satisfaction, with learning opportunities and communication quality as mediating factors. It offers important implications for IT firms and presents a foundation for future studies to examine potential moderators and replicate these results in other industries and geographies.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), sleep, and lower extremity function in older adults using a nationally representative cohort.

Methods: This study included 4,439 participants aged 60 years or older (mean age: 67.2 ± 5.7 years) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2015 national survey and the 2014 Life History Survey. ACEs, sleep duration, and sleep quality were assessed through self-report, and lower extremity function was measured using the Short physical performance battery (SPPB). The relationships between ACEs, sleep, and lower extremity function were analyzed using multivariate linear regression model and restricted cubic splines.

Results: After adjusting for covariates, older adults with four or more ACEs exhibited worse lower extremity function compared to those with no ACEs (β: -0.175). 6-8 h of sleep was associated with improved lower extremity function (β: 0.119), while good sleep quality was also associated with higher lower extremity function scores (β: 0.177). Age-related differences revealed that the association between four or more ACEs and reduced lower extremity function (β: -0.431) was significant only in individuals aged 70 years and older. In the 60-69 years age group, the sleep duration of 6-8 h was significantly related to better lower extremity function (β: 0.150), however, in those aged 70 years and older, more than 8 h of sleep was associated with poorer function (β: -0.378). Furthermore, good sleep quality was associated with better lower extremity function in individuals aged 70 years and older (β: 0.246).

Conclusion: ACEs, particularly household mental illness and parental disability, are associated with poorer lower extremity function in older adults. Normal sleep duration and good sleep quality are linked to better lower extremity function and may mitigate the negative effects of ACEs. However, these associations vary by age.

Background: In Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) the transition from childhood to adolescence encompass changes in symptom manifestation and related challenges. Given the potential negative impact of ADHD on adolescents, and the increased risk for dropping out from treatment, there is a need to understand more about how adolescents experience their condition. The aim of this study was to explore adolescents' perceptions of how it is to live with ADHD.

Methods: Twenty adolescents (15-17 years old, 12 girls) diagnosed with ADHD who had completed a skills training group were interviewed. Data was analysed using thematic analysis.

Results: Four themes emerged: 'I find it hard to regulate what I take in and what comes out', 'I've really struggled but it does not seem to work', 'ADHD impacts my vitality and my relationships', and 'I can be successful and things are getting better'.

Conclusion: Adolescents with ADHD experience problems with self-regulation with regards to cognitive, emotional and behavioural processes. They describe being either on or off. This difficulty to self-regulate is related to primary and secondary consequences such as stress, anxiety, loss of control, and by extension exhaustion, depressed mood, challenges in social interactions, self-accusations and a tendency of giving up. The experience of 'being on' has positive connotations of vigour and creativity. The challenges related to ADHD can to some extent be overcome with time for recovery, coping strategies, and medical treatment. Symptoms of ADHD can also decrease over time.

Trial registration: This qualitative study was not pre-registered.

Background: The Short Boredom Proneness Scale (SBPS) is a common tool for assessing individuals' inclination toward Boredom. The Arabic version of the SBPS has not been validated despite the language being spoken by over 420 million people worldwide. Therefore, this study aims to translate the SBPS into Arabic and prove its psychometric properties on a sample of Arabic-speaking adults from Lebanon.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 410 participants (72.4% females, aged 18-52 years) were recruited to participate by completing the translated Arabic version of the SBPS through an online Google Forms survey. The validation of the scale was carried out using the Confirmatory Factor Analysis approach.

Results: Confirmatory Factor Analysis revealed a better fit after adding a correlation between residuals of items 2 and 6. The SBPS showed high internal reliability (ω = 0.81; α = 0.81). No significant differences were found in SBPS scores between males and females. Concurrent validity indicated that higher levels of anxiety, loneliness, and smartphone addiction were significantly associated with greater boredom proneness.

Conclusion: Our results confirm the reliability and validity of the Arabic version of the SBPS, suggesting its suitability for use among Lebanese general population adults. Further research is needed to assess its applicability in clinical settings and diverse Arabic-speaking populations. This concise and user-friendly tool potentially promotes cross-cultural research on boredom proneness.

Background: A growing body of research suggests that the provision of social support can have benefits not only for the recipients but also for the provider. Although initial evidence for affective, self-evaluative and physiological outcomes has been established, the beneficial effects of support provision do not occur consistently across all support interactions, and some interactions may even have detrimental effects on providers. The aim of our experimental paradigm is to enable researchers to test the conditions under which the provision of social support to dyadic partners affects affective, self-evaluative, physiological, and relationship outcomes for the provider. In line with self-determination theory, it is proposed that the provision of support is only beneficial to the provider if it satisfies the three basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence and relatedness. The paradigm allows for the manipulation of the provider's levels of competence (feedback on the effectiveness of their support to the other person) and relatedness (feedback on the alleged level of relatedness perceived by the partner person following the provision of support).

Methods: A priori power analyses resulted in a planned sample size of 250 participants randomized to four conditions: 1) no support provision, 2) support provision without feedback, 3) support provision with feedback on competence, 4) support provision with feedback on relatedness. Primary outcomes are immediate physiological (saliva cortisol, heart rate, heart rate variability, blood pressure), affective (positive and negative affect, anxiety), self-evaluative (e.g., self-esteem) and relationship outcomes. Generalized linear models will be used to compare the four conditions.

Discussion: In a controlled laboratory experiment, this new experimental paradigm manipulates the conditions under which social support is provided. Insights into the conditions under which the provision of social support is detrimental or beneficial to the provider can inform the development of preventive and interventional approaches across a range of life domains, motivational and developmental research across the lifespan (e.g. prevention of care-giver burnout), and applied clinical contexts (e.g. therapeutic interventions).

Trial registration: Pre-registration (2023-11-10): https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/8SPZW , retrospective registration with more details (2024-10-23): https://www.drks.de/DRKS00034287.

The aim of this study is to examine the effects of the earthquake on the psychological symptoms of high school students, and to understand the readiness of school counseling services based on the available data. In this context, the research was designed within the scope of two different studies: Study 1: The views of school counselors, and students on the difficulties experienced due to the earthquake. Study 2: The effects of the earthquake on students' psychological symptoms. In accordance with the purpose of the Study 1, phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. Findings of Study 1 signified that the students experienced academic, psychological, social, and physiological difficulties due to the earthquake. It was concluded that the students coped with the effects of the earthquake by receiving environmental support, and using optimistic thinking. School psychological counselors stated that they observed difficulties such as loss, and mourning, and absence from school in students due to the earthquake during their meetings with them. They also expressed that the students needed more academic, and psychological help after the earthquake, and they planned to deal with psychological, and academic issues in the coming period. Results of Study 2 pointed out that 246 individuals (43.3%) scored 37 or above on the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). This indicated that these individuals had severe impact of the event/trauma symptoms. SEM analysis revealed that IES-R scores had a total effect of 0.67 on anxiety, 0.69 on depression, 0.68 on negative self-concept, 0.68 on somatisation, and 0.63 on hostility scores. In addition, the scores of the female students related to the variables such as anxiety, depression, negative self-concept, somatisation, hostility, and impact of events were significantly higher than the male students. Also, the students who lost their relatives due to the earthquake had significantly higher scores than those who did not lose their relatives in all the variables except somatisation. Besides, the students who had to change their locations after the earthquake had significantly higher scores than those who did not have to change their locations in terms of the impact of events.

Background: The negative consequences of body image concerns manifest in ways such as negative emotional experiences, eating disorders, and problems with social life. The Body Image Life Disengagement Questionnaire (BILD-Q) is an instrument for assessing the impact of body image concerns specifically on adolescents' life disengagement. The objective of this study is to create a Chinese version of the BILD-Q and assess its validity and reliability with Chinese adolescents.

Methods: A total of 593 adolescents were recruited, of whom 316 (Sample 1) completed only the BILD-Q and 277 (Sample 2) completed the BILD-Q, Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), and Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2). Data from Sample 1 were used for the item analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and test-retest reliability, while data from Sample 2 were used for the BILD-Q's confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and associations of BILD-Q with EAT and BAS-2. Both samples were used together for calculating descriptive statistics, measurement invariance, and internal consistency. EFA and CFA were used to verify the single-factor structure of the BILD-Q. Measurement invariance across genders was verified by multi-group CFA. The reliability of the instrument was verified using Cronbach's alpha and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Finally, the convergent validity of the instrument was verified by correlating the BILD-Q scores with the EAT and BAS-2 scores.

Results: The results support a single-factor structure for the Chinese version of the BILD-Q, with good reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.888, ICC value = 0.759). Gender invariance was established: no significant differences were found in BILD-Q scores between the male and female groups. Life disengagement was positively correlated with eating disorder psychopathology and negatively correlated with body appreciation, supporting the convergent validity of the BILD-Q.

Conclusion: The Chinese version of the BILD-Q has strong psychometric properties when used with Chinese adolescents and can be used to assess the impact of body image concerns on their life disengagement.

Background: Recent years have witnessed a revolutionary transformation in information technology, characterized by the proliferation of electronic information platforms, with the Egyptian Knowledge Bank being a notable example. Understanding how to effectively navigate these complex systems requires investigation into key factors, particularly system intelligence.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the mediating role of research motivation in the relationship between system intelligence, Academic Grit, and Academic Achievement.

Method: Using a correlational design, the study surveyed 600 post-graduate students aged 25-55 years (M = 33.22, SD = 8.09) through online snowball sampling. Data were collected using the Research Motivation Scale, System Intelligence Scale, Academic Grit Scale, and Grade Point Average (GPA). Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM Amos, Spss 23.

Results: Path analysis revealed that system intelligence had an indirect effect on Academic Grit through research motivation. Additionally, direct effects were observed from system intelligence to research motivation, system intelligence to Academic Grit, and Academic Grit to Academic Achievement.

Conclusions: This study highlights research motivation as a crucial mediator in the relationship between system intelligence, academic grit, and academic achievement. The findings suggest potential interventions to enhance academic achievement by fostering system intelligence and academic grit through the development of research motivation.