Host adaptability of Microplitis manilae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Noctuidae.

Xue-Yuan Di, Bin Yan, Shuang Tian, Peng Ren, Hui-Zi Wu, Mao-Fa Yang
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Abstract

Biological control is an effective and sustainable method of integrated pest management. Microplitis manilae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is a common internal parasitoid wasp of the order Lepidoptera. To determine a suitable host species for the reproduction of parasitoids, it is essential to assess host suitability and parasitic potential of the parasitized pests. Herein, we investigated host selection and exploitation of M. manilae. We evaluated the parasitic efficacy of M. manilae in 4 pest species in the Spodoptera and Mythimna genera of the Noctuidae family. The results indicated that the parasitism rate of M. manilae on 3 species in the Spodoptera genus is higher than on Mythimna separata in the Mythimna genus, with M. manilae exhibiting a higher parasitism rate and shorter development duration on Spodoptera litura compared to other species. The parasitism rate for 1st instars hosts was 86.67 ± 0.04%, while the development duration was 14.1 ± 0.03 days. However, when parasitizing the 3rd instar of Spodoptera frugiperda, parasitoids showed a higher sex ratio, of 0.71 ± 0.05. Additionally, M. manilae had parasitic effect on M. separata, providing a new choice for its parasitism. The results identify the optimal host, which could enhance and reproduction rate and survival rate of M. manilae, thus facilitating their large-scale propagation. Understanding the parasitic effects of M. manilae on pests can further its field application, also plays a major role in promoting the development of biological control technologies and sustainable agricultural production.

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夜蛾科小盘蚊(膜翅目:腕足动物)的寄主适应性。
生物防治是一种有效且可持续的虫害综合防治方法。马尼拉小蜂(膜翅目:喙蜂科)是鳞翅目一种常见的体内寄生蜂。要确定适合寄生蜂繁殖的寄主种类,必须评估寄生害虫的寄主适宜性和寄生潜力。在此,我们研究了马尼拉蝇的寄主选择和利用情况。我们评估了马尼拉蝇对夜蛾科鞘翅目和绵蚜属 4 种害虫的寄生效果。结果表明,M. manilae 对 Spodoptera 属中 3 种害虫的寄生率高于对 Mythimna 属中 Mythimna separata 的寄生率,与其他害虫相比,M. manilae 对 Spodoptera litura 的寄生率更高,发育时间更短。寄生于 1龄寄主的寄生率为 86.67 ± 0.04%,发育持续时间为 14.1 ± 0.03 天。不过,寄生于鞘翅目蛙科昆虫第 3龄时,寄生虫的性别比例较高,为 0.71 ± 0.05。此外,M. manilae 对 M. separata 也有寄生作用,为其寄生提供了新的选择。这些结果确定了最佳寄主,可提高马尼拉蝠的繁殖率和存活率,从而促进其大规模繁殖。了解马尼拉蝇对害虫的寄生作用可进一步促进其在田间的应用,对生物防治技术的发展和农业可持续生产也具有重要的推动作用。
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