The risk of postherpetic neuralgia in COVID-19 vaccination-associated herpes zoster: A retrospective cohort study using TriNetX

IF 4.5 3区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY Vaccine Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126451

Sheng-Hsiang Ma , Tai-Li Chen , Wei-Fan Ou , Wen-Cheng Chao , Hsin-Hua Chen , Chen-Yi Wu

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Abstract

Background

The administration of the COVID-19 vaccine has been linked to the development of herpes zoster (HZ). However, studies examining the clinical outcomes in COVID-19 vaccination-associated and non-COVID-19 vaccination-associated HZ are lacking.

Objective

To investigate the risk of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in COVID-19 vaccination associated HZ.

Methods

A total of 7200 patients with COVID-19 vaccination-associated HZ and 7200 matched controls were enrolled from the US Collaborative Network in the TriNetX database. The main outcome of this study was the development of PHN.

Patients were followed-up from 3 months after HZ until PHN diagnoses, withdrawal from the database, or October 8, 2024.

Results

We observed that patients with COVID-19 vaccination-associated HZ had a significantly higher risk of developing PHN as compared to the control group, with hazard ratio of 1.69 (> 3 months), 1.80 (> 6 months), 1.86 (> 1 year), and 1.93 (>2 years), respectively. Additionally, the association remained significant in the stratified analysis, which included sex, age, malignancy status, and initial use of antiviral agents.

Conclusion

This study showed that COVID-19 vaccination-associated HZ demonstrated a significantly higher risk of developing PHN.

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COVID-19 疫苗接种相关带状疱疹的带状疱疹后神经痛风险：使用 TriNetX 进行的回顾性队列研究。

背景：接种 COVID-19 疫苗与带状疱疹 (HZ) 的发生有关。然而，目前还缺乏对 COVID-19 疫苗接种相关和非 COVID-19 疫苗接种相关带状疱疹临床结果的研究：目的：调查 COVID-19 疫苗接种相关 HZ 中发生带状疱疹后神经痛（PHN）的风险：方法：从 TriNetX 数据库的美国协作网络中招募了 7200 名 COVID-19 疫苗接种相关 HZ 患者和 7200 名匹配对照。研究的主要结果是出现 PHN。从HZ发生后3个月开始对患者进行随访，直至PHN确诊、退出数据库或2024年10月8日：我们发现，与对照组相比，接种 COVID-19 疫苗相关 HZ 的患者发生 PHN 的风险明显更高，危险比分别为 1.69（>3 个月）、1.80（>6 个月）、1.86（>1 年）和 1.93（>2 年）。此外，在包括性别、年龄、恶性肿瘤状态和最初使用抗病毒药物的分层分析中，这种关联仍然显著：本研究表明，接种 COVID-19 疫苗相关的 HZ 患者罹患 PHN 的风险明显更高。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Vaccine 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

5.50%

发文量

992

审稿时长

131 days

期刊介绍： Vaccine is unique in publishing the highest quality science across all disciplines relevant to the field of vaccinology - all original article submissions across basic and clinical research, vaccine manufacturing, history, public policy, behavioral science and ethics, social sciences, safety, and many other related areas are welcomed. The submission categories as given in the Guide for Authors indicate where we receive the most papers. Papers outside these major areas are also welcome and authors are encouraged to contact us with specific questions.