Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance at low-field as an approach for fertiliser dissolution monitoring

IF 5.1 1区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE Biology and Fertility of Soils Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI:10.1007/s00374-024-01876-z
Etelvino Henrique Novotny, Eduardo Ribeiro de Azevedo, Jie Wang, Evan McCarney, Petrik Galvosas
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Abstract

The dissolution of fertilisers is the initial process that takes place in soils following fertiliser application and influences the fate and effectiveness of fertilisers. Currently, there are only a few methods for studying fertiliser dissolution in soil. These approaches typically do not accurately represent real soil-fertiliser systems and are susceptible to errors, since they are influenced by processes associated with the loss or retention of the trace ions of the fertiliser. Low field NMR or time-domain NMR (1H-TDNMR) is typically employed for studying 1H in fluids (or mobile 1H), however, special pulse sequences enable the selective detection of 1H in solids. Furthermore, it is possible to filter out undesired signals like 1H from minerals and from soil organic matter. This allows for the detection and monitoring of 1H only from protonated fertilisers (e.g., ammonia, (di)-hydrogen phosphates, etc.). The aim of this study is to present an efficient procedure which monitors the dissolution of fertilisers in soils using 1H-TDNMR. For this, six contrasting New Zealand soils and four protonated fertilisers - NH4Cl, NH4NO3, NaH2PO4.H2O, and (NH4)2HPO4 - were utilised. The proposed method efficiently, accurately, and precisely, monitored the dissolution of the studied fertilisers in all the tested soils under different rain regimes, from violent rain (60 mm h− 1) to light rain (2 mm h− 1) with a time interval (temporal resolution) as short as 5 s.

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低场固态核磁共振作为肥料溶解监测的一种方法
肥料溶解是施肥后在土壤中发生的初始过程,影响着肥料的归宿和肥效。目前,只有几种研究肥料在土壤中溶解的方法。这些方法通常不能准确反映真实的土壤-肥料系统,而且容易出现误差,因为它们受到与肥料痕量离子流失或保留相关的过程的影响。低场核磁共振或时域核磁共振(1H-TDNMR)通常用于研究流体(或移动 1H)中的 1H,不过,特殊的脉冲序列可以选择性地检测固体中的 1H。此外,还可以过滤掉不需要的信号,如来自矿物和土壤有机物的 1H。这样就可以只检测和监测质子化肥料(如氨、(二)氢磷酸盐等)中的 1H。本研究旨在介绍一种利用 1H-TDNMR 监测肥料在土壤中溶解情况的高效程序。为此,我们使用了六种对比鲜明的新西兰土壤和四种质子化肥料--NH4Cl、NH4NO3、NaH2PO4.H2O 和 (NH4)2HPO4。所提出的方法能有效、准确、精确地监测所研究的肥料在不同雨量条件下(从暴雨(60 毫米/小时-1)到小雨(2 毫米/小时-1))在所有测试土壤中的溶解情况,时间间隔(时间分辨率)短至 5 秒。
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来源期刊
Biology and Fertility of Soils
Biology and Fertility of Soils 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
11.80
自引率
10.80%
发文量
62
审稿时长
2.2 months
期刊介绍: Biology and Fertility of Soils publishes in English original papers, reviews and short communications on all fundamental and applied aspects of biology – microflora and microfauna - and fertility of soils. It offers a forum for research aimed at broadening the understanding of biological functions, processes and interactions in soils, particularly concerning the increasing demands of agriculture, deforestation and industrialization. The journal includes articles on techniques and methods that evaluate processes, biogeochemical interactions and ecological stresses, and sometimes presents special issues on relevant topics.
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