Evidence to inform spatiotemporal management of a western Pacific Ocean tuna purse seine fishery

IF 4.3 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Ecological Applications Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI:10.1002/eap.3054
Eric Gilman, Milani Chaloupka, Nialangis Posanau, Marcelo Hidalgo, Sylvester Pokajam, Donald Papaol, Adrian Nanguromo, Francois Poisson
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Abstract

Fisheries can profoundly impact co‐occurring species exposed to incidental capture. Spatiotemporal fisheries management holds substantial potential to balance socioeconomic benefits with ecological costs to threatened bycatch species. This study estimated the effect of the spatial and temporal distribution of effort by a western Pacific Ocean tuna purse seine fishery on catch rates of target and at‐risk species by fitting spatially explicit generalized additive multilevel regression models within a Bayesian inference framework to observer data. Mean field prediction surfaces defined catch rate hotspots for tunas, silky sharks, rays, and whale sharks, informing the design of candidate area‐based management strategies. Due to limited sample sizes, odontocete and marine turtle catch rate geospatial patterns were summarized using simple 2D hexagonal binning. Effort could be focused in two areas within core fishing grounds to reduce overlap with hotspots for silky sharks, rays, and whale sharks without affecting target catch. Effort could be shifted outside of core fishing areas to zones with higher target tuna catch rates to reduce overlap with hotspots for at‐risk species. Sparse and small marine turtle and whale shark hotspots occurred across the fishing grounds. Results did not identify opportunities for temporally dynamic spatial management to balance target and at‐risk catch rates. Research on the economic and operational viability of alternative spatial management strategies is a priority. A small subset of sets had disproportionately large odontocete captures. Real‐time fleet communication, move‐on rules, and avoiding sets on dolphin schools might reduce odontocete catch rates. Managing set association type and mesh size present additional opportunities to balance catch rates of at‐risk and target species. Employing output controls that effectively constrain the fishery would alter the spatial management strategy to focus fishing within zones with the lowest ratio of at‐risk bycatch to target tuna catch. Findings inform the design of alternative spatial management strategies to avoid catch rate hotspots of at‐risk species without compromising the catch of principal market species.
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为西太平洋金枪鱼围网渔业时空管理提供信息的证据
渔业会对偶然捕获的共生物种产生深远影响。时空渔业管理在平衡社会经济效益和受威胁副渔获物种的生态成本方面具有巨大潜力。本研究通过在贝叶斯推理框架内对观测数据拟合空间明确的广义加性多层次回归模型,估算了西太平洋金枪鱼围网渔业努力量的时空分布对目标物种和高危物种捕获率的影响。平均现场预测表面确定了金枪鱼、丝鲨、鳐鱼和鲸鲨的捕获率热点,为设计基于区域的候选管理策略提供了信息。由于样本量有限,有尾目动物和海龟的捕获率地理空间模式是通过简单的二维六边形分选总结出来的。在不影响目标渔获量的情况下,可将工作重点放在核心渔场内的两个区域,以减少与丝鲨、鳐鱼和鲸鲨热点区域的重叠。可将工作重点转移到核心渔场以外金枪鱼目标捕获率较高的区域,以减少与高风险物种热点区域的重叠。在整个渔场,海龟和鲸鲨热点稀少且规模较小。研究结果没有发现进行时间动态空间管理以平衡目标渔获率和濒危渔获率的机会。当务之急是研究替代空间管理战略的经济和运营可行性。一小部分渔船捕获了不成比例的大量无尾目动物。船队实时通信、移动规则以及避免在海豚群中布设网具可能会降低无尾类渔获率。管理渔获物组合类型和网目尺寸为平衡高危物种和目标物种的捕获率提供了更多机会。采用有效限制渔业的产出控制将改变空间管理策略,使捕捞集中在风险副渔获物与目标金枪鱼渔获量比率最低的区域。研究结果为设计替代空间管理战略提供了信息,以避免高风险鱼种的捕获率热点,同时又不影响主要市场鱼种的捕获量。
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来源期刊
Ecological Applications
Ecological Applications 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
9.50
自引率
2.00%
发文量
268
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The pages of Ecological Applications are open to research and discussion papers that integrate ecological science and concepts with their application and implications. Of special interest are papers that develop the basic scientific principles on which environmental decision-making should rest, and those that discuss the application of ecological concepts to environmental problem solving, policy, and management. Papers that deal explicitly with policy matters are welcome. Interdisciplinary approaches are encouraged, as are short communications on emerging environmental challenges.
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