Characterization of cellular and molecular immune components of the painted white sea urchin Lytechinus pictus in response to bacterial infection.

IF 3.2 4区 医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY Immunology & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI:10.1111/imcb.12828
Katherine T Nesbit, Alexis Cody Hargadon, Gloria D Renaudin, Nicholas D Kraieski, Katherine M Buckley, Emily Darin, Yoon Lee, Amro Hamdoun, Catherine S Schrankel
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Abstract

Sea urchins are basal deuterostomes that share key molecular components of innate immunity with vertebrates. They are a powerful model for the study of innate immune system evolution and function, especially during early development. Here we characterize the morphology and associated molecular markers of larval immune cell types in a newly developed model sea urchin, Lytechinus pictus. We then challenge larvae through infection with an established pathogenic Vibrio and characterize phenotypic and molecular responses. We contrast these to the previously described immune responses of the purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. The results revealed shared cellular morphologies and homologs of known pigment cell immunocyte markers (PKS, srcr142) but a striking absence of subsets of perforin-like macpf genes in blastocoelar cell immunocytes. We also identified novel patterning of cells expressing a scavenger receptor cysteine rich (SRCR) gene in the coelomic pouches of the larva (the embryonic stem cell niche). The SRCR signal becomes further enriched in both pouches in response to bacterial infection. Collectively, these results provide a foundation for the study of immune responses in L. pictus. The characterization of the larval immune system of this rapidly developing and genetically enabled sea urchin species will facilitate more sophisticated studies of innate immunity and the crosstalk between the immune system and development.

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绘白海胆(Lytechinus pictus)对细菌感染的细胞和分子免疫成分的特征。
海胆是基底半脊椎动物,与脊椎动物共享先天性免疫的关键分子成分。它们是研究先天性免疫系统演化和功能的强大模型,尤其是在早期发育过程中。在这里,我们描述了新开发的模型海胆(Lytechinus pictus)幼体免疫细胞类型的形态和相关分子标记。然后,我们用一种已确定的致病弧菌感染幼体,对其进行挑战,并描述表型和分子反应的特征。我们将这些反应与之前描述的紫海胆(Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)的免疫反应进行了对比。结果发现了共同的细胞形态和已知色素细胞免疫细胞标志物(PKS、srcr142)的同源物,但在胚层细胞免疫细胞中明显缺乏穿孔素样 macpf 基因亚群。我们还在幼虫的腹腔(胚胎干细胞龛)中发现了表达富含清道夫受体半胱氨酸(SRCR)基因的细胞的新模式。当细菌感染时,SCR信号会在这两个小囊中进一步富集。总之,这些结果为研究象鼻蝠的免疫反应奠定了基础。对这一快速发育且具有遗传能力的海胆物种的幼体免疫系统进行鉴定,将有助于对先天性免疫以及免疫系统与发育之间的相互关系进行更深入的研究。
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来源期刊
Immunology & Cell Biology
Immunology & Cell Biology 医学-免疫学
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
2.50%
发文量
98
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Australasian Society for Immunology Incorporated (ASI) was created by the amalgamation in 1991 of the Australian Society for Immunology, formed in 1970, and the New Zealand Society for Immunology, formed in 1975. The aim of the Society is to encourage and support the discipline of immunology in the Australasian region. It is a broadly based Society, embracing clinical and experimental, cellular and molecular immunology in humans and animals. The Society provides a network for the exchange of information and for collaboration within Australia, New Zealand and overseas. ASI members have been prominent in advancing biological and medical research worldwide. We seek to encourage the study of immunology in Australia and New Zealand and are active in introducing young scientists to the discipline.
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