The interactive effect of extreme weather events and PM2.5 on respiratory health among the elderly: a case-crossover study in a high-altitude city.

IF 3 3区 地球科学 Q2 BIOPHYSICS International Journal of Biometeorology Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI:10.1007/s00484-024-02811-5
Zhenxu Ning, Yanjun Ma, Shuzhen He, Genshan Li, Ting Xiao, Chunguang Ma, Jing Wu
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Abstract

With climate change posing increasing threats and aging populations, understanding the complex relationship between extreme temperatures, PM2.5 pollution, and respiratory health among the elderly is crucial. While some research exists, there remains a significant gap in studying the combined effects of heat waves, cold spells, and PM2.5 on elderly respiratory health in high-altitude regions. We collected data from Xining (2016-2021), including respiratory disease outpatient visits, meteorological, and pollutant data. Employing a case-crossover design and conditional Poisson regression analysis, we investigated the individual and interactive impacts of heat wave, cold spell, and PM2.5 on outpatient visits for respiratory disease among the elderly. We used the relative excess odds due to interaction (REOI), proportion attributable to interaction (AP), and synergy index (S) as quantitative indicators of interaction. Our analysis revealed significant associations between heat wave, cold spell, PM2.5 exposure, and outpatient visits for respiratory disease among the elderly, with odds ratios of 1.10 (95%CI: 1.06, 1.15) and 1.16 (95%CI: 1.13, 1.20), respectively. Moreover, a synergistic effect between cold spell and PM2.5 was observed, particularly affecting vulnerable groups such as female and those aged ≥ 80. The combined exposure to cold spell and elevated PM2.5 levels was estimated to contribute to up to 0.18 (95%CI: 0.17, 0.27) of respiratory outpatient visits. This study underscores the need for urgent interventions, such as reducing PM2.5 exposure and enhancing extreme weather warning systems, to protect the respiratory health of the elderly, especially in high-altitude regions.

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极端天气事件和 PM2.5 对老年人呼吸系统健康的交互影响:一项在高海拔城市进行的个案交叉研究。
随着气候变化带来的威胁越来越大和人口老龄化,了解极端气温、PM2.5 污染和老年人呼吸健康之间的复杂关系至关重要。虽然已有一些研究,但在研究热浪、寒流和PM2.5对高海拔地区老年人呼吸健康的综合影响方面仍存在很大差距。我们收集了西宁(2016-2021 年)的数据,包括呼吸系统疾病门诊量、气象和污染物数据。我们采用病例交叉设计和条件泊松回归分析,研究了热浪、寒流和 PM2.5 对老年人呼吸道疾病门诊量的个体影响和交互影响。我们使用交互作用导致的相对超额几率(REOI)、交互作用导致的比例(AP)和协同作用指数(S)作为交互作用的定量指标。我们的分析表明,热浪、寒流、PM2.5 暴露与老年人呼吸系统疾病门诊就诊之间存在明显的关联,几率比分别为 1.10(95%CI:1.06,1.15)和 1.16(95%CI:1.13,1.20)。此外,寒流与PM2.5之间存在协同效应,尤其影响女性和年龄≥80岁的弱势群体。据估计,寒流和PM2.5水平升高共同导致了高达0.18(95%CI:0.17,0.27)的呼吸道门诊就诊率。这项研究强调了采取紧急干预措施的必要性,如减少 PM2.5 暴露和加强极端天气预警系统,以保护老年人的呼吸系统健康,尤其是在高海拔地区。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
9.40%
发文量
183
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal publishes original research papers, review articles and short communications on studies examining the interactions between living organisms and factors of the natural and artificial atmospheric environment. Living organisms extend from single cell organisms, to plants and animals, including humans. The atmospheric environment includes climate and weather, electromagnetic radiation, and chemical and biological pollutants. The journal embraces basic and applied research and practical aspects such as living conditions, agriculture, forestry, and health. The journal is published for the International Society of Biometeorology, and most membership categories include a subscription to the Journal.
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