A Comparison Between Three Types of Scaffolds for Pulp Regeneration: A Histological Study on Dogs

IF 1.7 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Clinical and Experimental Dental Research Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI:10.1002/cre2.70031

Aliaa Alshahhoud, Mhd. Salem Rikab, Nizar Issa, Ahmad Manadili, Yasser Alsayed Tolaibah

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Abstract

Objectives

This study aims to compare the application of three types of normal scaffolds—native chitosan, enzymatically modified chitosan, and blood clot (BC)—on pulp regeneration in the teeth of experimental dogs through histological examination, to determine the quantity and type of new tissues formed within the root canal.

Materials and Methods

The research sample consisted of 32 root canals from 20 premolars of two male local experimental dogs. The sample was randomly divided into a control group, in which no intervention was performed on the teeth, and three experimental groups based on the type of scaffold used: the BC group, the native chitosan combined with BC (NCS + BC) group, and the enzymatically modified chitosan combined with BC (EMCS + BC) group. Mechanical and chemical cleaning of the canals was performed, followed by the application of the studied scaffolds within the root canals. After 3 months, the teeth were extracted and prepared for histological study, where two variables were studied: the percentage of total vital tissue (soft and hard; VT%) and the percentage of soft vital tissue only (ST%). A one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests were used to determine significant differences between the groups at a 95% confidence level.

Results

The VT% values were significantly higher in the EMCS + BC group compared to both the NCS + BC and BC groups. The ST% values were also significantly higher in the EMCS + BC group compared to the BC group. However, no significant differences in ST% values were observed between the NCS + BC group and either the BC or EMCS + BC groups.

Conclusions

Within the limitations of this study, we conclude that the application of enzymatically modified chitosan scaffolds combined with BC yields superior results in pulp regeneration, which contributes to the formation of pulp-like tissue and cells resembling odontoblasts, as well as apex closure with tissue resembling bone tissue.

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三种牙髓再生支架的比较：狗的组织学研究

研究目的本研究旨在通过组织学检查比较三种普通支架--原生壳聚糖、酶改性壳聚糖和血凝块（BC）--在实验犬牙齿牙髓再生中的应用，以确定根管内形成的新组织的数量和类型：研究样本包括两只雄性本地实验犬 20 颗前臼齿的 32 个根管。样本随机分为对照组和三个实验组，对照组不对牙齿进行任何干预，实验组则根据所用支架的类型分为 BC 组、天然壳聚糖与 BC 结合（NCS + BC）组和酶改性壳聚糖与 BC 结合（EMCS + BC）组。先对根管进行机械和化学清洗，然后在根管内应用所研究的支架。3 个月后，拔出牙齿并准备进行组织学研究，其中研究了两个变量：总活力组织的百分比（软和硬；VT%）和仅软活力组织的百分比（ST%）。在 95% 的置信水平下，采用单因素方差分析和 Bonferroni 检验来确定组间的显著差异：结果：EMCS + BC 组的 VT% 值明显高于 NCS + BC 组和 BC 组。与 BC 组相比，EMCS + BC 组的 ST% 值也明显更高。然而，NCS + BC 组与 BC 组或 EMCS + BC 组之间的 ST% 值无明显差异：在本研究的局限性范围内，我们得出结论：应用酶改性壳聚糖支架结合 BC 在牙髓再生方面产生了卓越的效果，有助于形成牙髓样组织和类似牙本质细胞的细胞，以及具有类似骨组织的组织的牙尖闭合。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical and Experimental Dental Research DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

5.60%

发文量

165

审稿时长

26 weeks

期刊介绍： Clinical and Experimental Dental Research aims to provide open access peer-reviewed publications of high scientific quality representing original clinical, diagnostic or experimental work within all disciplines and fields of oral medicine and dentistry. The scope of Clinical and Experimental Dental Research comprises original research material on the anatomy, physiology and pathology of oro-facial, oro-pharyngeal and maxillofacial tissues, and functions and dysfunctions within the stomatognathic system, and the epidemiology, aetiology, prevention, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of diseases and conditions that have an effect on the homeostasis of the mouth, jaws, and closely associated structures, as well as the healing and regeneration and the clinical aspects of replacement of hard and soft tissues with biomaterials, and the rehabilitation of stomatognathic functions. Studies that bring new knowledge on how to advance health on the individual or public health levels, including interactions between oral and general health and ill-health are welcome.