Risk factors associated with antibiotic prescriptions for cases of enteric pathogens in Canada, 2015-2019.

IF 2.5 4区 医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI:10.1017/S0950268824001365
Brendan Dougherty, Rita Finley, Danielle Dumoulin, J Scott Weese, Sherilee Harper, E Jane Parmley, Andrew Papadopoulos
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Abstract

Inappropriate antibiotic use is a key driver of antibiotic resistance and one that can be mitigated through stewardship. A better understanding of current prescribing practices is needed to develop successful stewardship efforts. This study aims to identify factors that are associated with human cases of enteric illness receiving an antibiotic prescription. Cases of laboratory-confirmed enteric illness reported to the FoodNet Canada surveillance system between 2015 and 2019 were the subjects of this study. Laboratory data were combined with self-reported data collected from an enhanced case questionnaire that included demographic data, illness duration and symptoms, and antibiotic prescribing. The data were used to build univariable logistic regression models and a multivariable logistic regression model to explore what factors were associated with a case receiving an antibiotic prescription. The final multivariable model identified several factors as being significantly associated with cases being prescribed an antibiotic. Some of the identified associations indicate that current antibiotic prescribing practices include a substantial level of inappropriate use. This study provides evidence that antibiotic stewardship initiatives targeting infectious diarrhoea are needed to optimize antibiotic use and combat the rise of antibiotic resistance.

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2015-2019 年加拿大肠道病原体病例抗生素处方的相关风险因素。
抗生素使用不当是导致抗生素耐药性的一个关键因素,而这一因素可以通过监管来缓解。我们需要更好地了解当前的处方做法,以制定成功的监管措施。本研究旨在确定与人类肠道疾病病例获得抗生素处方相关的因素。本研究以 2015 年至 2019 年期间向加拿大食品网监控系统报告的实验室确诊肠道疾病病例为对象。实验室数据与从增强型病例调查问卷中收集的自我报告数据相结合,其中包括人口统计学数据、病程和症状以及抗生素处方。这些数据被用于建立单变量逻辑回归模型和多变量逻辑回归模型,以探索哪些因素与病例接受抗生素处方有关。最终的多变量模型确定了与病例获得抗生素处方显著相关的几个因素。其中一些已确定的关联表明,目前的抗生素处方实践中存在大量不恰当使用抗生素的情况。本研究提供的证据表明,有必要针对感染性腹泻采取抗生素管理措施,以优化抗生素的使用并应对抗生素耐药性的上升。
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来源期刊
Epidemiology and Infection
Epidemiology and Infection 医学-传染病学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
2.40%
发文量
366
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: Epidemiology & Infection publishes original reports and reviews on all aspects of infection in humans and animals. Particular emphasis is given to the epidemiology, prevention and control of infectious diseases. The scope covers the zoonoses, outbreaks, food hygiene, vaccine studies, statistics and the clinical, social and public-health aspects of infectious disease, as well as some tropical infections. It has become the key international periodical in which to find the latest reports on recently discovered infections and new technology. For those concerned with policy and planning for the control of infections, the papers on mathematical modelling of epidemics caused by historical, current and emergent infections are of particular value.
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