Jacopo M Legramante, Marilena Minieri, Marzia Belli, Alfredo Giovannelli, Alessia Agnoli, Daniela Bajo, Lorenza Bellincampi, Anna Maria De Angelis, Alessandro Terrinoni, Massimo Pieri, Eleonora Nicolai, Vito N Di Lecce, Carla Paganelli, Gianluigi Ferrazza, Susanna Longo, Marco Ciotti, Sergio Bernardini
{"title":"Evaluation of GFAP/UCH-L1 biomarkers for computed tomography exclusion in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).","authors":"Jacopo M Legramante, Marilena Minieri, Marzia Belli, Alfredo Giovannelli, Alessia Agnoli, Daniela Bajo, Lorenza Bellincampi, Anna Maria De Angelis, Alessandro Terrinoni, Massimo Pieri, Eleonora Nicolai, Vito N Di Lecce, Carla Paganelli, Gianluigi Ferrazza, Susanna Longo, Marco Ciotti, Sergio Bernardini","doi":"10.1186/s12245-024-00708-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) represents a major public health concern and affects millions of people worldwide every year. Diagnosis mainly relies on clinical criteria and computed tomography (CT) scans. GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) and UCH-L1 (ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase-L1) have been recently studied as potential biomarkers of mTBI. This study retrospectively evaluated the possible use of these combined biomarkers as negative predictors for excluding brain injuries in patients with suspected mTBI in the emergency department.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult patients (n = 130) enrolled at Tor Vergata University Hospital (Rome, Italy), consecutively registered at the triage of the emergency department between October 2022 and January 2023, with non-penetrating TBI and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13-15, were considered. All eligible patients underwent intracranial CT scans and blood tests, within 12 h after trauma, for GFAP and UCH-L1 serum concentrations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intracranial CT detected injuries in only seven patients (5%); GFAP and UCH-L1 tested positive in 96 patients and negative in 34 patients (74% vs. 26%). Combined biomarkers had a sensitivity equal to 1.00 (95% CI 0.64-1.00) and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 1.00 (0.99-1.00) in mTBI diagnosis with a negative CT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combined laboratory tests for GFAP and UCH-L1 biomarkers might play a potential clinical role in avoiding unnecessary head CT scans after mTBI in emergency departments.</p>","PeriodicalId":13967,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Emergency Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11515575/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Emergency Medicine","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12245-024-00708-z","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"EMERGENCY MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) represents a major public health concern and affects millions of people worldwide every year. Diagnosis mainly relies on clinical criteria and computed tomography (CT) scans. GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) and UCH-L1 (ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase-L1) have been recently studied as potential biomarkers of mTBI. This study retrospectively evaluated the possible use of these combined biomarkers as negative predictors for excluding brain injuries in patients with suspected mTBI in the emergency department.
Methods: Adult patients (n = 130) enrolled at Tor Vergata University Hospital (Rome, Italy), consecutively registered at the triage of the emergency department between October 2022 and January 2023, with non-penetrating TBI and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13-15, were considered. All eligible patients underwent intracranial CT scans and blood tests, within 12 h after trauma, for GFAP and UCH-L1 serum concentrations.
Results: Intracranial CT detected injuries in only seven patients (5%); GFAP and UCH-L1 tested positive in 96 patients and negative in 34 patients (74% vs. 26%). Combined biomarkers had a sensitivity equal to 1.00 (95% CI 0.64-1.00) and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 1.00 (0.99-1.00) in mTBI diagnosis with a negative CT.
Conclusions: Combined laboratory tests for GFAP and UCH-L1 biomarkers might play a potential clinical role in avoiding unnecessary head CT scans after mTBI in emergency departments.
期刊介绍:
The aim of the journal is to bring to light the various clinical advancements and research developments attained over the world and thus help the specialty forge ahead. It is directed towards physicians and medical personnel undergoing training or working within the field of Emergency Medicine. Medical students who are interested in pursuing a career in Emergency Medicine will also benefit from the journal. This is particularly useful for trainees in countries where the specialty is still in its infancy. Disciplines covered will include interesting clinical cases, the latest evidence-based practice and research developments in Emergency medicine including emergency pediatrics.