{"title":"Abnormal brain entropy dynamics in ADHD.","authors":"Xiaoyang Xin, Shuangshuang Gu, Cuiping Wang, Xiaoqing Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jad.2024.10.066","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Brain entropy (BEN) is a novel measure for irregularity and complexity of brain activities, which has been used to characterize abnormal brain activities in many brain disorders including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). While most research assumes BEN is stationary during scan sessions, the brain in resting state is also a highly dynamic system. The BEN dynamics in ADHD has not been explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a sliding window approach to derive the dynamical brain entropy (dBEN) from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rfMRI) dataset that includes 98 ADHD patients and 111 healthy controls (HCs). We identified 3 reoccurring BEN states. We tested whether the BEN dynamics differ between ADHD and HC, and whether they are associated with ADHD symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One BEN states, characterized by low overall BEN and low within-state BEN located in SMN (sensorimotor network) and VN (visual network), its FW (fractional window) and MDT (mean dwell time) were increased in ADHD and positively correlated with ADHD severity; another state characterized by high overall BEN and low within-state BEN located in DMN (default mode network) and ECN (executive control network), its FW and MDT were decreased in ADHD and negatively correlated with ADHD severity.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The window length of dBEN analysis can be further optimized to suit more datasets. The co-variation between dBEN and other dynamical brain metrics was not explored.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings revealed abnormal BEN dynamics in ADHD, providing new insights into clinical diagnosis and neuropathology of ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":14963,"journal":{"name":"Journal of affective disorders","volume":" ","pages":"1099-1107"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of affective disorders","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.10.066","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/10/21 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CLINICAL NEUROLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Brain entropy (BEN) is a novel measure for irregularity and complexity of brain activities, which has been used to characterize abnormal brain activities in many brain disorders including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). While most research assumes BEN is stationary during scan sessions, the brain in resting state is also a highly dynamic system. The BEN dynamics in ADHD has not been explored.
Methods: We used a sliding window approach to derive the dynamical brain entropy (dBEN) from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rfMRI) dataset that includes 98 ADHD patients and 111 healthy controls (HCs). We identified 3 reoccurring BEN states. We tested whether the BEN dynamics differ between ADHD and HC, and whether they are associated with ADHD symptom severity.
Results: One BEN states, characterized by low overall BEN and low within-state BEN located in SMN (sensorimotor network) and VN (visual network), its FW (fractional window) and MDT (mean dwell time) were increased in ADHD and positively correlated with ADHD severity; another state characterized by high overall BEN and low within-state BEN located in DMN (default mode network) and ECN (executive control network), its FW and MDT were decreased in ADHD and negatively correlated with ADHD severity.
Limitations: The window length of dBEN analysis can be further optimized to suit more datasets. The co-variation between dBEN and other dynamical brain metrics was not explored.
Conclusion: Our findings revealed abnormal BEN dynamics in ADHD, providing new insights into clinical diagnosis and neuropathology of ADHD.
背景:大脑熵(Brain entropy,BEN)是衡量大脑活动不规则性和复杂性的一种新方法,已被用于描述包括注意力缺陷/多动症(ADHD)在内的多种脑部疾病的异常大脑活动特征。虽然大多数研究假设 BEN 在扫描过程中是静止的,但静息状态下的大脑也是一个高度动态的系统。目前尚未对注意力缺陷/多动症的 BEN 动态进行研究:方法:我们使用滑动窗口方法从静息态功能磁共振成像(rfMRI)数据集中推导出大脑动态熵(dBEN),其中包括 98 名多动症患者和 111 名健康对照组(HCs)。我们确定了 3 种重复出现的 BEN 状态。我们测试了 ADHD 和 HC 之间的 BEN 动态是否存在差异,以及它们是否与 ADHD 症状的严重程度相关:其中一种 BEN 状态的特点是整体 BEN 值低,位于 SMN(感觉运动网络)和 VN(视觉网络)的状态内 BEN 值低,其 FW(分数窗口)和 MDT(平均停留时间)在 ADHD 患者中升高,且与 ADHD 的严重程度呈正相关;另一种状态的特点是整体 BEN 值高,位于 DMN(默认模式网络)和 ECN(执行控制网络)的状态内 BEN 值低,其 FW 和 MDT 在 ADHD 患者中降低,且与 ADHD 的严重程度呈负相关:局限性:dBEN分析的窗口长度可以进一步优化,以适应更多的数据集。局限性:dBEN分析的窗口长度可以进一步优化,以适应更多的数据集:我们的研究结果揭示了ADHD的BEN动态异常,为ADHD的临床诊断和神经病理学提供了新的见解。
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Affective Disorders publishes papers concerned with affective disorders in the widest sense: depression, mania, mood spectrum, emotions and personality, anxiety and stress. It is interdisciplinary and aims to bring together different approaches for a diverse readership. Top quality papers will be accepted dealing with any aspect of affective disorders, including neuroimaging, cognitive neurosciences, genetics, molecular biology, experimental and clinical neurosciences, pharmacology, neuroimmunoendocrinology, intervention and treatment trials.