Behavioural responses of common dolphins to naval sonar.

IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Royal Society Open Science Pub Date : 2024-10-23 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1098/rsos.240650
Brandon L Southall, John W Durban, John Calambokidis, Caroline Casey, James A Fahlbusch, Holly Fearnbach, Kiirsten R Flynn, Selene Fregosi, Ari S Friedlaender, Samantha G M Leander, Fleur Visser
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Abstract

Despite strong interest in how noise affects marine mammals, little is known for the most abundant and commonly exposed taxa. Social delphinids occur in groups of hundreds of individuals that travel quickly, change behaviour ephemerally and are not amenable to conventional tagging methods, posing challenges in quantifying noise impacts. We integrated drone-based photogrammetry, strategically placed acoustic recorders and broad-scale visual observations to provide complementary measurements of different aspects of behaviour for short- and long-beaked common dolphins. We measured behavioural responses during controlled exposure experiments (CEEs) of military mid-frequency (3-4 kHz) active sonar (MFAS) using simulated and actual Navy sonar sources. We used latent-state Bayesian models to evaluate response probability and persistence in exposure and post-exposure phases. Changes in subgroup movement and aggregation parameters were commonly detected during different phases of MFAS CEEs but not control CEEs. Responses were more evident in short-beaked common dolphins (n = 14 CEEs), and a direct relationship between response probability and received level was observed. Long-beaked common dolphins (n = 20) showed less consistent responses, although contextual differences may have limited which movement responses could be detected. These are the first experimental behavioural response data for these abundant dolphins to directly inform impact assessments for military sonars.

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普通海豚对海军声纳的行为反应。
尽管人们对噪声如何影响海洋哺乳动物有着浓厚的兴趣,但对数量最多、最常受噪声影响的类群却知之甚少。社会性的三角鳍类动物以数百只为一组,它们旅行迅速,行为变化短暂,不适合采用传统的标记方法,这给量化噪声影响带来了挑战。我们将无人机摄影测量、战略性放置的声学记录器和大范围的视觉观察结合起来,对短喙和长喙普通海豚行为的不同方面进行补充测量。我们使用模拟和实际的海军声纳源测量了军用中频(3-4 kHz)主动声纳(MFAS)受控暴露实验(CEEs)期间的行为反应。我们使用潜态贝叶斯模型来评估暴露和暴露后阶段的反应概率和持续性。在 MFAS CEEs 的不同阶段,亚群运动和聚集参数的变化被普遍检测到,而对照 CEEs 则没有。短吻普通海豚的反应更为明显(n = 14 CEEs),并且观察到反应概率与接收水平之间存在直接关系。长喙普通海豚(n = 20)的反应不太一致,尽管环境差异可能限制了可检测到的运动反应。这是首次对这些数量众多的海豚进行实验性行为反应数据,可直接为军用声纳的影响评估提供信息。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Royal Society Open Science
Royal Society Open Science Multidisciplinary-Multidisciplinary
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
508
审稿时长
14 weeks
期刊介绍: Royal Society Open Science is a new open journal publishing high-quality original research across the entire range of science on the basis of objective peer-review. The journal covers the entire range of science and mathematics and will allow the Society to publish all the high-quality work it receives without the usual restrictions on scope, length or impact.
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