Are Microfibers a Threat to Marine Invertebrates? A Sea Urchin Toxicity Assessment.

IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Toxics Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI:10.3390/toxics12100753
Jennifer Barbosa Dos Santos, Rodrigo Brasil Choueri, Francisco Eduardo Melo Dos Santos, Laís Adrielle de Oliveira Santos, Letícia Fernanda da Silva, Caio Rodrigues Nobre, Milton Alexandre Cardoso, Renata de Britto Mari, Fábio Ruiz Simões, Tomas Angel Delvalls, Paloma Kachel Gusso-Choueri
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Abstract

The rise of "fast fashion" has driven up the production of low-cost, short-lived clothing, significantly increasing global textile fiber production and, consequently, exacerbating environmental pollution. This study investigated the ecotoxicological effects of different types of anthropogenic microfibers-cotton, polyester, and mixed fibers (50% cotton: 50% polyester)-on marine organisms, specifically sea urchin embryos. All tested fibers exhibited toxicity, with cotton fibers causing notable effects on embryonic development even at environmentally relevant concentrations. The research also simulated a scenario where microfibers were immersed in seawater for 30 days to assess changes in toxicity over time. The results showed that the toxicity of microfibers increased with both concentration and exposure duration, with polyester being the most toxic among the fibers tested. Although synthetic fibers have been the primary focus of previous research, this study highlights that natural fibers like cotton, which are often overlooked, can also be toxic due to the presence of harmful additives. These natural fibers, despite decomposing faster than synthetic ones, can persist in aquatic environments for extended periods. The findings underline the critical need for further research on both natural and synthetic microfibers to understand their environmental impact and potential threats to marine ecosystems and sea urchin populations.

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微纤维会威胁海洋无脊椎动物吗?海胆毒性评估
快时尚 "的兴起推动了低成本、短寿命服装的生产,大大增加了全球纺织纤维的产量,从而加剧了环境污染。本研究调查了不同类型的人为超细纤维(棉、聚酯和混合纤维(50% 棉:50% 聚酯))对海洋生物(特别是海胆胚胎)的生态毒理学影响。所有受测纤维都表现出毒性,其中棉纤维即使在环境相关浓度下也会对胚胎发育造成显著影响。研究还模拟了将超细纤维在海水中浸泡 30 天的情景,以评估其毒性随时间的变化。结果表明,超细纤维的毒性随着浓度和暴露时间的增加而增加,其中聚酯纤维的毒性是测试纤维中最大的。虽然合成纤维是以往研究的主要重点,但这项研究强调,棉花等经常被忽视的天然纤维也可能因含有有害添加剂而具有毒性。尽管这些天然纤维的分解速度比合成纤维快,但它们可以在水生环境中长期存在。这些发现强调了进一步研究天然和合成超细纤维的迫切需要,以了解它们对环境的影响以及对海洋生态系统和海胆种群的潜在威胁。
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来源期刊
Toxics
Toxics Chemical Engineering-Chemical Health and Safety
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
10.90%
发文量
681
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal accepts papers describing work that furthers our understanding of the exposure, effects, and risks of chemicals and materials in humans and the natural environment as well as approaches to assess and/or manage the toxicological and ecotoxicological risks of chemicals and materials. The journal covers a wide range of toxic substances, including metals, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, biocides, nanomaterials, and polymers such as micro- and mesoplastics. Toxics accepts papers covering: The occurrence, transport, and fate of chemicals and materials in different systems (e.g., food, air, water, soil); Exposure of humans and the environment to toxic chemicals and materials as well as modelling and experimental approaches for characterizing the exposure in, e.g., water, air, soil, food, and consumer products; Uptake, metabolism, and effects of chemicals and materials in a wide range of systems including in-vitro toxicological assays, aquatic and terrestrial organisms and ecosystems, model mammalian systems, and humans; Approaches to assess the risks of chemicals and materials to humans and the environment; Methodologies to eliminate or reduce the exposure of humans and the environment to toxic chemicals and materials.
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