Breast Cancer-Related Chemical Exposures in Firefighters.

IF 3.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Toxics Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI:10.3390/toxics12100707
Bethsaida Cardona, Kathryn M Rodgers, Jessica Trowbridge, Heather Buren, Ruthann A Rudel
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Abstract

To fill a research gap on firefighter exposures and breast cancer risk, and guide exposure reduction, we aimed to identify firefighter occupational exposures linked to breast cancer. We conducted a systematic search and review to identify firefighter chemical exposures and then identified the subset that was associated with breast cancer. To do this, we compared the firefighter exposures with chemicals that have been shown to increase breast cancer risk in epidemiological studies or increase mammary gland tumors in experimental toxicology studies. For each exposure, we assigned a strength of evidence for the association with firefighter occupation and for the association with breast cancer risk. We identified twelve chemicals or chemical groups that were both linked to breast cancer and were firefighter occupational exposures, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile aromatics, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, persistent organohalogens, and halogenated organophosphate flame retardants. Many of these were found at elevated levels in firefighting environments and were statistically significantly higher in firefighters after firefighting or when compared to the general population. Common exposure sources included combustion byproducts, diesel fuel and exhaust, firefighting foams, and flame retardants. Our findings highlight breast-cancer-related chemical exposures in the firefighting profession to guide equitable worker's compensation policies and exposure reduction.

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消防员与乳腺癌相关的化学接触。
为了填补消防员暴露与乳腺癌风险方面的研究空白并指导减少暴露,我们旨在确定与乳腺癌有关的消防员职业暴露。我们进行了系统搜索和审查,以确定消防员接触的化学物质,然后确定与乳腺癌相关的子集。为此,我们将消防员接触的化学品与流行病学研究中显示会增加乳腺癌风险或实验毒理学研究中显示会增加乳腺肿瘤的化学品进行了比较。对于每种暴露,我们都为其与消防员职业的关联性以及与乳腺癌风险的关联性指定了证据强度。我们确定了 12 种既与乳腺癌有关又属于消防员职业暴露的化学品或化学组,包括多环芳烃、挥发性芳烃、全氟和多氟烷基物质、持久性有机卤素和卤代有机磷阻燃剂。其中许多物质在消防环境中的含量都很高,消防员在灭火后或与普通人群相比,其含量在统计学上明显偏高。常见的接触源包括燃烧副产品、柴油和废气、消防泡沫和阻燃剂。我们的研究结果强调了消防职业中与乳腺癌相关的化学物质暴露,以指导公平的工人补偿政策和减少暴露。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Toxics
Toxics Chemical Engineering-Chemical Health and Safety
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
10.90%
发文量
681
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal accepts papers describing work that furthers our understanding of the exposure, effects, and risks of chemicals and materials in humans and the natural environment as well as approaches to assess and/or manage the toxicological and ecotoxicological risks of chemicals and materials. The journal covers a wide range of toxic substances, including metals, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, biocides, nanomaterials, and polymers such as micro- and mesoplastics. Toxics accepts papers covering: The occurrence, transport, and fate of chemicals and materials in different systems (e.g., food, air, water, soil); Exposure of humans and the environment to toxic chemicals and materials as well as modelling and experimental approaches for characterizing the exposure in, e.g., water, air, soil, food, and consumer products; Uptake, metabolism, and effects of chemicals and materials in a wide range of systems including in-vitro toxicological assays, aquatic and terrestrial organisms and ecosystems, model mammalian systems, and humans; Approaches to assess the risks of chemicals and materials to humans and the environment; Methodologies to eliminate or reduce the exposure of humans and the environment to toxic chemicals and materials.
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