C. David Malsawmtluanga, J. Lalbiaknunga, Lalawmpuia, C. Laldinkima
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Misidentification and ingestion of poisonous mushrooms pose significant threats to food safety, particularly in Mizoram, India, where over ten fatalities due to mushroom poisoning have been reported in the past decade (2013–2023). This study aimed to address this critical issue by identifying and quantifying the cause of death due to consumption of wild mushroom from Champhai district, Mizoram, India and to test the reliability of HPLC-PDA for detection and quantification of amatoxins. HPLC-PDA confirmed the presence of α-amanitin in Amanita virosa and Amanita bisporigera in the samples. α-amanitin is a water-soluble, heat-stable, and highly toxic cyclic octapeptide present in the genus Amanita, which includes Amanita phalloides, Amanita verna, and Amanita virosa. Amanitin cytotoxicity arises from the inhibition of RNA polymerases, namely RNA polymerase II, which obstructs mRNA production in kidney and liver cells. Validation of the method demonstrated good precision and accuracy, with LOD and LOQ values of 88 ng g−1 and 210 ng g−1, respectively. The method was successfully applied to quantify α-amanitin in ten wild mushroom samples, revealing its presence only in Amanita virosa (1.17 mg g−1) and Amanita bisporigera (1.91 mg g−1) species. These findings underscore the importance of accurate α-amanitin detection methods in ensuring food safety and public health, particularly in regions prone to mushroom poisoning incidents. It is noteworthy that this study marks the initial exploration for detection and quantification of α-amanitin from poisonous mushrooms found in the wild regions of Champhai district in Mizoram, representing the first report of such in the area.
期刊介绍:
Toxicon has an open access mirror Toxicon: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. An introductory offer Toxicon: X - full waiver of the Open Access fee.
Toxicon''s "aims and scope" are to publish:
-articles containing the results of original research on problems related to toxins derived from animals, plants and microorganisms
-papers on novel findings related to the chemical, pharmacological, toxicological, and immunological properties of natural toxins
-molecular biological studies of toxins and other genes from poisonous and venomous organisms that advance understanding of the role or function of toxins
-clinical observations on poisoning and envenoming where a new therapeutic principle has been proposed or a decidedly superior clinical result has been obtained.
-material on the use of toxins as tools in studying biological processes and material on subjects related to venom and antivenom problems.
-articles on the translational application of toxins, for example as drugs and insecticides
-epidemiological studies on envenoming or poisoning, so long as they highlight a previously unrecognised medical problem or provide insight into the prevention or medical treatment of envenoming or poisoning. Retrospective surveys of hospital records, especially those lacking species identification, will not be considered for publication. Properly designed prospective community-based surveys are strongly encouraged.
-articles describing well-known activities of venoms, such as antibacterial, anticancer, and analgesic activities of arachnid venoms, without any attempt to define the mechanism of action or purify the active component, will not be considered for publication in Toxicon.
-review articles on problems related to toxinology.
To encourage the exchange of ideas, sections of the journal may be devoted to Short Communications, Letters to the Editor and activities of the affiliated societies.