Comparative Analysis of the Neutralizing Capacity of Monovalent and Bivalent Formulations of Betuvax-CoV-2, a Subunit Recombinant COVID-19 Vaccine, Against Various Strains of SARS-CoV-2.

IF 5.2 3区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY Vaccines Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI:10.3390/vaccines12101200
Anna V Vakhrusheva, Ekaterina A Romanovskaya-Romanko, Marina A Stukova, Maria M Sukhova, Ksenia S Kuznetsova, Aleksandr V Kudriavtsev, Maria E Frolova, Taras V Ivanishin, Igor V Krasilnikov, Artur A Isaev
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Abstract

SARS-CoV-2, the causal agent of the COVID-19 pandemic, is characterized by rapid evolution, which poses a significant public health challenge. Effective vaccines that provide robust protection, elicit strong immune responses, exhibit favorable safety profiles, and enable cost-effective large-scale production are crucial. The RBD-Fc-based Betuvax-CoV-2 vaccine has previously demonstrated a favorable safety profile and induced a significant anti-SARS-CoV-2 humoral immune response in clinical trials. Due to the rapid evolution and emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 strains, the relevance of bivalent vaccine formulations has increased.

Methods: This study compared the neutralizing capacity of monovalent and bivalent vaccine formulations against different SARS-CoV-2 strains detected with a SARS-CoV-2 microneutralization assay (MNT).

Findings: The monovalent Wuhan-based vaccine generated neutralizing antibodies against the Wuhan and Omicron BA.2 variants but not the distinct Omicron BQ.1 strain. Conversely, the monovalent BA.2-based vaccine induced neutralizing antibodies against both Omicron strains but not Wuhan. While the bivalent Wuhan and BA.2-based vaccine was effective against strains containing the same antigens, it was insufficient to neutralize the distinctive BQ.1 strain at a small dosage.

Interpretation: These findings suggest that the vaccine composition should closely match the circulating SARS-CoV-2 strain to elicit the optimal neutralizing antibody response and include the appropriate dosage. Moreover, this study did not find additional advantages of using the bivalent form over the monovalent form for the vaccination against a single prevailing SARS-CoV-2 strain.

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亚单位重组 COVID-19 疫苗 Betuvax-CoV-2 单价和二价制剂对不同 SARS-CoV-2 株系的中和能力比较分析。
SARS-CoV-2 是 COVID-19 大流行的病原体,其特点是进化迅速,对公共卫生构成了重大挑战。能够提供强有力的保护、引起强烈的免疫反应、具有良好的安全性并能以具有成本效益的方式大规模生产的有效疫苗至关重要。基于 RBD-Fc 的 Betuvax-CoV-2 疫苗在临床试验中表现出良好的安全性,并诱导了显著的抗 SARS-CoV-2 体液免疫反应。由于新的 SARS-CoV-2 株系的快速演变和出现,双价疫苗制剂的相关性有所增加:本研究比较了单价和二价疫苗制剂对不同 SARS-CoV-2 株系的中和能力,这些株系是通过 SARS-CoV-2 微中和作用测定 (MNT) 检测到的:以武汉为基地的单价疫苗可产生针对武汉和 Omicron BA.2 变体的中和抗体,但不能产生针对不同的 Omicron BQ.1 株的中和抗体。相反,基于 BA.2 的单价疫苗可诱导出针对两种 Omicron 株系的中和抗体,但不能诱导出针对武汉株系的中和抗体。虽然基于武汉和 BA.2 的二价疫苗对含有相同抗原的菌株有效,但在小剂量下不足以中和独特的 BQ.1 株:这些研究结果表明,疫苗的成分应与流行的 SARS-CoV-2 株密切配合,以引起最佳的中和抗体反应,并包括适当的剂量。此外,这项研究没有发现在接种单一流行 SARS-CoV-2 株系的疫苗时使用二价形式比使用单价形式有更多优势。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Vaccines
Vaccines Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Pharmacology
CiteScore
8.90
自引率
16.70%
发文量
1853
审稿时长
18.06 days
期刊介绍: Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal focused on laboratory and clinical vaccine research, utilization and immunization. Vaccines publishes high quality reviews, regular research papers, communications and case reports.
期刊最新文献
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