The Mental Suffering of Cocaine-Addicted Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of Personality Disorders' Prevalence and Their Association with Psychopathological Symptoms.

Francesca Giordano, Sara Guidotti, Francesco Cassio Scategni, Domenico Cuzzola, Carlo Pruneti
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Abstract

(1) Background: The observational retrospective study aimed to investigate the prevalence of personality disorders (PDs) and their association with psychopathological symptoms in a group of patients with cocaine addiction. (2) Methods: Ninety-five medical records of the Pathological Addictions Service of the National Health Service of Lecce (Italy) were analyzed. PDs were diagnosed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID-II) and psychopathological symptoms were investigated through the Symptom Checklist 90-Revised (SCL-90-R). (3) Results: Ninety-two out of ninety-five patients met the criteria for at least one PD (96.8%), almost 35% had two Cluster B PDs, and over 25% had three Cluster B PDs. Nine out of ninety-five people met the criteria for all Cluster B PDs. Among the Cluster B PDs, it emerged that the most frequent diagnosis was that of narcissistic-borderline-antisocial (over 20% of the total sample). The analysis highlighted that mental suffering is prevalent in those with multiple comorbid Cluster B PDs. Specifically, depression and psychoticism exceed the clinical cut-off (T score > 63) in all patient groups. At the same time, anxiety and obsessions-compulsions are complained of only by those with more than two PDs as well as the level of general distress. Furthermore, anxiety, hostility, and paranoid ideation are significantly higher in the group of patients with more than three PDs. (4) Conclusions: Further studies should better investigate the relationship between the two aspects and describe the causal effects of PDs on psychopathological symptoms or, on the contrary, the effects of the substance on mental health and the worsening of personality alterations.

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可卡因成瘾患者的精神痛苦:人格障碍发生率及其与精神病理症状关联的回顾性分析。
(1) 背景:该观察性回顾研究旨在调查一组可卡因成瘾患者的人格障碍(PDs)患病率及其与精神病理症状的关联。(2) 方法:分析了意大利莱切国家卫生局病理成瘾服务处的 95 份病历。使用 DSM-IV 第二轴人格障碍结构化临床访谈(SCID-II)对人格障碍进行诊断,并使用症状核对表 90-修订版(SCL-90-R)对精神病理症状进行调查。(3) 结果:95 名患者中有 92 人符合至少一种 PD(96.8%)的标准,近 35% 的患者有两种 B 群 PD,超过 25% 的患者有三种 B 群 PD。95 人中有 9 人符合所有 B 组 PD 的标准。在 B 类病症中,最常见的诊断是自恋-边缘-反社会(占样本总数的 20%以上)。分析结果表明,精神痛苦在那些合并多种 B 组 PD 的患者中十分普遍。具体来说,在所有患者群体中,抑郁症和精神病都超过了临床临界值(T 评分 > 63)。同时,只有患有两种以上 PD 的患者才会抱怨焦虑症和强迫症,以及一般痛苦的程度。此外,焦虑、敌意和妄想症在有三种以上 PD 的患者组中明显较高。(4) 结论:进一步的研究应更好地调查这两个方面之间的关系,并描述持久性有机污染物对精神病理症状的因果影响,或者相反,该物质对精神健康和人格改变恶化的影响。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
12.50%
发文量
111
审稿时长
8 weeks
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