Trends in Nutritional Status and Dietary Behavior in School-Aged Children with Congenital Heart Defects.

IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Children-Basel Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI:10.3390/children11101264
Dominik Tobias, Paul Christian Helm, Ulrike Maria Margarethe Bauer, Claudia Niessner, Sigrid Hahn, Jannos Siaplaouras, Christian Apitz
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Abstract

Background: Malnutrition and poor weight gain has been reported in infants with congenital heart defects (CHDs); however data in older children with CHDs are limited. In order to obtain representative data on the nutritional status, dietary behavior, and potential influencing factors in school-aged children with CHDs, we performed a nationwide online survey. Methods: Patients aged 6 to 17 years registered in the German National Register for CHDs were asked to participate in this study by completing the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) eating study questionnaire in order to assess their self-reported dietary habits. The use of the same questionnaire enabled a comparison with a representative subset of 4569 participants of the KiGGS study. Results: A total of 894 patients (mean age 12.5 ± 3.0 years; 47.2% female) were enrolled. Patients were allocated according to anatomic complexity into simple (23.8%), moderate (37.8%), and complex CHDs (38.4%). The consumption of sugar-containing food (p < 0.001) and fast food (p < 0.05) was significantly lower among the CHD patients than in the healthy children. Children with CHDs showed significantly lower body mass index (BMI) percentiles (p < 0.001) compared with their healthy peers, while children with complex and moderate CHDs had the lowest BMI. While in CHD patients, the BMI percentiles were not related to unhealthy food, there was a strong correlation with the CHD severity and number of previous interventions (p < 0.01). Conclusions: According to this nationwide survey, school-aged children with complex CHD are at risk of undernutrition, which is not due to dietary habits but to CHD severity and repeated surgery.

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先天性心脏缺陷学龄儿童的营养状况和饮食行为趋势。
背景:先天性心脏缺损(CHD)婴儿营养不良和体重增长缓慢的情况时有报道,但有关先天性心脏缺损大龄儿童的数据却很有限。为了获得有关先天性心脏病学龄儿童营养状况、饮食行为和潜在影响因素的代表性数据,我们在全国范围内开展了一项在线调查。调查方法在德国全国心脏病登记处登记的 6 至 17 岁患者被要求参与本研究,填写德国儿童和青少年健康访谈和检查调查(KiGGS)饮食研究问卷,以评估他们自我报告的饮食习惯。通过使用相同的调查问卷,可以与 4569 名 KiGGS 研究参与者中具有代表性的子集进行比较。研究结果共有 894 名患者(平均年龄为 12.5 ± 3.0 岁;47.2% 为女性)参加了研究。根据解剖复杂程度将患者分为简单(23.8%)、中度(37.8%)和复杂(38.4%)三种类型。与健康儿童相比,先天性心脏病患者食用含糖食物(p < 0.001)和快餐(p < 0.05)的比例明显较低。与健康儿童相比,患有先天性心脏病的儿童的体重指数(BMI)百分位数明显较低(p < 0.001),而患有复杂性和中度先天性心脏病的儿童的体重指数最低。虽然慢性阻塞性肺病患者的体重指数百分位数与不健康食物无关,但与慢性阻塞性肺病的严重程度和先前干预的次数有很大关系(p < 0.01)。结论:根据这项全国性调查,患有复杂先天性心脏病的学龄儿童面临营养不良的风险,这与饮食习惯无关,而是与先天性心脏病的严重程度和反复手术有关。
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来源期刊
Children-Basel
Children-Basel PEDIATRICS-
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
16.70%
发文量
1735
审稿时长
6 weeks
期刊介绍: Children is an international, open access journal dedicated to a streamlined, yet scientifically rigorous, dissemination of peer-reviewed science related to childhood health and disease in developed and developing countries. The publication focuses on sharing clinical, epidemiological and translational science relevant to children’s health. Moreover, the primary goals of the publication are to highlight under‑represented pediatric disciplines, to emphasize interdisciplinary research and to disseminate advances in knowledge in global child health. In addition to original research, the journal publishes expert editorials and commentaries, clinical case reports, and insightful communications reflecting the latest developments in pediatric medicine. By publishing meritorious articles as soon as the editorial review process is completed, rather than at predefined intervals, Children also permits rapid open access sharing of new information, allowing us to reach the broadest audience in the most expedient fashion.
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