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Decoding Apelin: Its Role in Metabolic Programming, Fetal Growth, and Gestational Complications. 解码 Apelin:它在代谢编程、胎儿生长和妊娠并发症中的作用。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.3390/children11101270
Nikolaos Loukas, Dionysios Vrachnis, Nikolaos Antonakopoulos, Sofoklis Stavros, Nikolaos Machairiotis, Alexandros Fotiou, Chryssi Christodoulaki, Markos Lolos, Georgios Maroudias, Anastasios Potiris, Petros Drakakis, Nikolaos Vrachnis

Placental insufficiency and gestational diabetes, which are both serious pregnancy complications, are linked to altered fetal growth, whether restricted or excessive, and result in metabolic dysfunction, hypoxic/oxidative injury, and adverse perinatal outcomes. Although much research has been carried out in this field, the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms have not as yet been fully elucidated. Particularly because of the role it plays in cardiovascular performance, glucose metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress, the adipokine apelin was recently shown to be a potential regulator of fetal growth and metabolic programming. This review investigated the numerous biological actions of apelin in utero and aimed to shed more light on its role in fetal growth and metabolic programming. The expression of the apelinergic system in a number of tissues indicates its involvement in many physiological mechanisms, including angiogenesis, cell proliferation, energy metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Moreover, it appears that apelin has a major function in disorders such as diabetes mellitus, fetal growth abnormalities, fetal hypoxia, and preeclampsia. We herein describe in detail the regulatory effects exerted by the adipokine apelin on fetal growth and metabolic programming while stressing the necessity for additional research into the therapeutic potential of apelin and its mechanisms of action in pregnancy-related disorders.

胎盘功能不全和妊娠糖尿病都是严重的妊娠并发症,与胎儿生长改变(无论是受限还是过多)有关,并导致代谢功能障碍、缺氧/氧化损伤和不良的围产期结局。尽管在这一领域已开展了大量研究,但尚未完全阐明其潜在的发病机制。特别是由于其在心血管性能、葡萄糖代谢、炎症和氧化应激中的作用,脂肪因子 apelin 最近被证明是胎儿生长和代谢程序的潜在调节因子。本综述研究了凋亡素在子宫内的多种生物学作用,旨在进一步阐明其在胎儿生长和代谢程序中的作用。凋亡素能系统在许多组织中的表达表明,它参与了许多生理机制,包括血管生成、细胞增殖、能量代谢、炎症和氧化应激。此外,凋亡素似乎在糖尿病、胎儿生长异常、胎儿缺氧和子痫前期等疾病中具有重要功能。我们在本文中详细描述了脂肪因子凋亡素对胎儿生长和新陈代谢程序的调节作用,同时强调有必要进一步研究凋亡素的治疗潜力及其在妊娠相关疾病中的作用机制。
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引用次数: 0
Development and Validation of a Diagnostic Algorithm for Down Syndrome Using Birth Certificate and International Classification of Diseases Codes. 利用出生证明和国际疾病分类代码开发和验证唐氏综合症诊断算法。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.3390/children11101271
Lin Ammar, Kristin Bird, Hui Nian, Angela Maxwell-Horn, Rees Lee, Tan Ding, Corinne Riddell, Tebeb Gebretsadik, Brittney Snyder, Tina Hartert, Pingsheng Wu

Objective: We aimed to develop an algorithm that accurately identifies children with Down syndrome (DS) using administrative data.

Methods: We identified a cohort of children born between 2000 and 2017, enrolled in the Tennessee Medicaid Program (TennCare), who either had DS coded on their birth certificate or had a diagnosis listed using an International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code (suspected DS), and who received care at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, a comprehensive academic medical center, in the United States. Children with suspected DS were defined as having DS if they had (a) karyotype-confirmed DS indicated on their birth certificate; (b) karyotype-pending DS indicated on their birth certificate (or just DS if test type was not specified) and at least two healthcare encounters for DS during the first 6 years of life; or (c) at least three healthcare encounters for DS, with the first and last encounter separated by at least 30 days, during the first six years of life. The positive predictive value (PPV) of the algorithm and 95% confidence interval (CI) were reported.

Results: Of the 411 children with suspected DS, 354 (86.1%) were defined as having DS by the algorithm. According to medical chart review, the algorithm correctly identified 347 children with DS (PPV = 98%, 95%CI: 96.0-99.0%). Of the 57 children the algorithm defined as not having DS, 50 (97.7%, 95%CI: 76.8-93.9%) were confirmed as not having DS by medical chart review.

Conclusions: An algorithm that accurately identifies individuals with DS using birth certificate data and/or ICD codes provides a valuable tool to study DS using administrative data.

目的我们旨在开发一种算法,利用管理数据准确识别患有唐氏综合征(DS)的儿童:我们对 2000 年至 2017 年间出生、加入田纳西州医疗补助计划(Tennessee Medicaid Program,TennCare)、出生证明上有唐氏综合征编码或使用国际疾病分类(ICD)代码列出诊断结果(疑似唐氏综合征)、在美国综合性学术医疗中心范德比尔特大学医学中心接受治疗的儿童进行了队列识别。疑似 DS 患儿的定义是:(a) 出生证明上有核型确诊的 DS;(b) 出生证明上有核型待定的 DS(如果未指定检测类型,则仅有 DS),且在出生后的前 6 年中至少有两次因 DS 就诊的经历;或 (c) 在出生后的前 6 年中至少有三次因 DS 就诊的经历,且第一次和最后一次至少相隔 30 天。报告了该算法的阳性预测值(PPV)和 95% 的置信区间(CI):结果:在411名疑似DS患儿中,有354名(86.1%)被该算法定义为患有DS。根据病历审查,该算法正确识别出 347 名 DS 患儿(PPV = 98%,95%CI:96.0-99.0%)。在该算法定义为不患有DS的57名儿童中,有50名(97.7%,95%CI:76.8-93.9%)经病历审查确认为不患有DS:利用出生证明数据和/或 ICD 编码准确识别 DS 患者的算法为利用管理数据研究 DS 提供了一种有价值的工具。
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引用次数: 0
Parenting in the Face of Trauma: Music Therapy to Support Parent-Child Dyads Affected by War and Displacement. 在创伤面前为人父母:音乐疗法为受战争和流离失所影响的亲子家庭提供支持。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.3390/children11101269
Tamar Hadar

Background: The literature highlights the profound psychological impact of war on children, families, and communities, emphasizing the prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and other symptoms among affected individuals. Interventions, such as Child-Parent Psychotherapy (CPP) and music therapy, show promise in mitigating trauma effects, underscoring the need for holistic approaches that address familial and community dynamics alongside individual well-being.

Methods: Aiming to explore the influences of dyadic music therapy sessions on parents' capacity to support their children, this study involved four families displaced from their home-kibbutz as result of a terrorist attack. All dyads participated in music therapy sessions with a focus on parent-child interactions and trauma processing (CPP informed). Embedded in a qualitative, phenomenological approach, the research utilized interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) and micro-analytic methods to explore meaningful moments in the music therapy sessions.

Results: Findings identified four central categories: (1) Discovering the child's grounding song: identifying resources; (2) Musical improvisation sets the grounds for parent-child mutual recognition of the child's traumatic experience; (3) Musical performance empowers child and parent; (4) A sense of agency is gained through controlling the musical environment.

Conclusions: The significance of restoring the children's freedom of play, the parents' sense of competency, and of enhancing families' capacity to connect to their traumatic experiences through the musical environment is discussed.

背景:文献强调了战争对儿童、家庭和社区造成的深远心理影响,强调了受影响人群中创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)、焦虑和其他症状的普遍性。儿童-家长心理疗法(CPP)和音乐疗法等干预措施在减轻创伤影响方面显示出良好的前景,这强调了在解决个人福祉的同时解决家庭和社区动态问题的整体方法的必要性:本研究涉及四个因恐怖袭击而离开家园集体农庄的家庭,旨在探索双亲音乐治疗课程对父母支持子女能力的影响。所有家庭都参加了以亲子互动和创伤处理为重点的音乐治疗课程(CPP 通知)。研究采用定性现象学方法,利用解释性现象学分析(IPA)和微观分析方法探索音乐治疗过程中的重要时刻:研究结果确定了四个核心类别:(1) 发现儿童的基础歌曲:确定资源;(2) 音乐即兴表演为亲子相互承认儿童的创伤经历奠定了基础;(3) 音乐表演增强了儿童和家长的能力;(4) 通过控制音乐环境获得了代入感:讨论了通过音乐环境恢复儿童的游戏自由、父母的能力感以及增强家庭与创伤经历联系的能力的意义。
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引用次数: 0
Relationship Between Iron Deficiency Anemia and Stunting in Pediatric Populations in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 发展中国家儿童缺铁性贫血与发育迟缓之间的关系:系统回顾与元分析》。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.3390/children11101268
Caroline Oktarina, Charisma Dilantika, Nova Lidia Sitorus, Ray Wagiu Basrowi

Background/objectives: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and stunting are prevalent global health issues, particularly in developing countries, where previous studies have suggested a potential relationship between them. This systematic review aims to analyze the relationship between iron deficiency anemia and stunting in pediatric populations in developing countries.

Methods: Literature searches were conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and EBSCO Host. The primary outcome was the association between IDA and stunting. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cohort studies and the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) for other observational studies. Meta-analysis was performed with a random-effects model and heterogeneity assessment. A Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) assessment was performed to determine the certainty and importance of the study.

Results: Out of 19,095 articles, 15 studies were included in the systematic review, and 4 studies were included in the meta-analysis, encompassing 21,936 subjects aged 0 to 12 years. IDA prevalence ranged from 3.6 to 58.8%, while stunting prevalence varied from 6.6 to 44.5%. Nine articles supported a significant relationship between IDA and stunting, revealing that stunted children had a 1.31-6.785 times higher risk of developing IDA. The odds ratio of children with IDA to be stunted was 2.27 (95% CI = 1.30-3.95). All studies exhibited a moderate risk of bias. GRADE assessment suggested that the evidence's certainty is low but important.

Conclusions: The high IDA prevalence in developing countries, including Indonesia, is associated with stunting in children, suggesting a synergistic relationship.

背景/目的:缺铁性贫血(IDA)和发育迟缓是全球普遍存在的健康问题,尤其是在发展中国家,以往的研究表明两者之间存在潜在的关系。本系统综述旨在分析发展中国家儿童缺铁性贫血与发育迟缓之间的关系:方法:在 PubMed、EMBASE、Cochrane Library 和 EBSCO Host 上进行文献检索。主要结果是IDA与发育迟缓之间的关系。对队列研究采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表(NOS)评估偏倚风险,对其他观察性研究采用有效公共卫生实践项目(EPHPP)评估偏倚风险。采用随机效应模型和异质性评估进行了 Meta 分析。对研究的确定性和重要性进行了建议、评估、发展和评价分级(GRADE)评估:在19,095篇文章中,15项研究被纳入系统综述,4项研究被纳入荟萃分析,涉及21,936名0至12岁的受试者。IDA发病率从3.6%到58.8%不等,而发育迟缓发病率则从6.6%到44.5%不等。九篇文章证实了 IDA 与发育迟缓之间的重要关系,显示发育迟缓儿童患 IDA 的风险比正常儿童高 1.31-6.785 倍。患有 IDA 的儿童发育迟缓的几率比为 2.27(95% CI = 1.30-3.95)。所有研究均存在中度偏倚风险。GRADE 评估表明,证据的确定性较低,但很重要:结论:包括印度尼西亚在内的发展中国家 IDA 患病率高与儿童发育迟缓有关,这表明两者之间存在协同作用。
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引用次数: 0
Conducting Patient-Oriented Research in Pediatric Populations: A Narrative Review. 在儿科人群中开展以患者为导向的研究:叙述性综述。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.3390/children11101266
Alan P Cooper, Linda Nguyen, Oluwapolola Irelewuyi, Steven P Miller

It has become increasingly common for researchers to partner with patients as members of the research team and collaborate to use their lived experiences to shape research priorities, interventions, dissemination, and more. The patient-oriented research (POR) model has been adopted by both adult and pediatric health researchers. This cultural change to conducting pediatric health research brings with it new methodologies, tools, challenges, and benefits. In this review, we aim to provide guidance on how to conduct POR for pediatric populations using examples from the literature. We describe considerations for engagement before the project begins, for engagement across the research cycle, and for measurement and evaluation. We aim to show that conducting POR is feasible, beneficial, and that many common challenges and barriers can be overcome with preparation and usage of specific tools.

研究人员将患者作为研究团队的成员并与之合作,利用他们的生活经验来确定研究重点、干预措施、传播等,这种做法已变得越来越普遍。以患者为导向的研究(POR)模式已被成人和儿科健康研究人员所采用。这种开展儿科健康研究的文化变革带来了新的方法、工具、挑战和益处。在本综述中,我们旨在通过文献中的实例,为如何针对儿科人群开展 POR 提供指导。我们介绍了项目开始前的参与、整个研究周期的参与以及衡量和评估的注意事项。我们旨在说明,开展 POR 是可行的、有益的,许多常见的挑战和障碍都可以通过准备和使用特定工具来克服。
{"title":"Conducting Patient-Oriented Research in Pediatric Populations: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Alan P Cooper, Linda Nguyen, Oluwapolola Irelewuyi, Steven P Miller","doi":"10.3390/children11101266","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11101266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has become increasingly common for researchers to partner with patients as members of the research team and collaborate to use their lived experiences to shape research priorities, interventions, dissemination, and more. The patient-oriented research (POR) model has been adopted by both adult and pediatric health researchers. This cultural change to conducting pediatric health research brings with it new methodologies, tools, challenges, and benefits. In this review, we aim to provide guidance on how to conduct POR for pediatric populations using examples from the literature. We describe considerations for engagement before the project begins, for engagement across the research cycle, and for measurement and evaluation. We aim to show that conducting POR is feasible, beneficial, and that many common challenges and barriers can be overcome with preparation and usage of specific tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11506337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Pediatric Orthopedic Injuries: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. COVID-19 大流行对小儿骨科损伤的影响:单中心回顾性研究
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.3390/children11101265
Betina Hinckel, Sazid Hasan, Clark Yin, Jimmy Lau, Saeed Saleh, Ehab Saleh

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound effect on the pediatric population worldwide. The consequences of the lockdown and the reallocation of hospital resources have caused notable changes in the presentation of pediatric orthopedic injuries. Through our use of patient records, we were able to display the epidemiological trends, as well as analyze the changes in the type and mechanism of various injuries. Our purpose is to further understand the considerable effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric orthopedic trauma and help guide the allocation of future healthcare resources.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on pediatric patients admitted for any orthopedic injury over a 3-year period (September 2018 to August 2021) at a Midwest level 1 trauma center. Cases were stratified into two groups based on the United States' COVID-19 lockdown (19 March 2020): Pre-COVID-19 cases were any cases prior to the lockdown and Intra-COVID-19 which are cases following the lockdown. Numerical data and categorical variables were summarized and differences between the case groups were examined using either two-Proportion Z-Test, Independent Two-Sample t-test, Pearson's chi-squared, or Fisher's exact tests.

Results: A total of 3179 pediatric orthopedic referrals occurred between the Pre-COVID-19 and Intra-COVID-19 study periods. We observed a general decrease in orthopedic injuries following the COVID-19 lockdowns with 1235 injuries compared to 1606 Pre-COVID-19. Patterns in the locations of injuries changed; notably, fractures of the humerus, tibia, and fibula decreased significantly (p < 0.05). Several mechanisms of injuries decreased significantly following the onset of COVID-19 including injuries caused by monkey bars, basketball, and automobiles (p < 0.01). There was a significant increase in the overall injury severity during the Intra-COVID-19 period (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Although there was a reduction in acute orthopedic trauma referrals, many injury mechanisms displayed similar trends regardless of restrictions. We clinically observed an overall increase in the severity of pediatric orthopedic injuries during the COVID-19 pandemic.

目标:COVID-19 大流行对全球儿科人群产生了深远影响。封锁的后果和医院资源的重新分配使儿科骨科损伤的表现形式发生了显著变化。通过使用患者记录,我们能够显示流行病学趋势,并分析各种损伤类型和机制的变化。我们的目的是进一步了解 COVID-19 大流行对小儿骨科创伤的巨大影响,并帮助指导未来医疗资源的分配:我们对中西部一家一级创伤中心 3 年内(2018 年 9 月至 2021 年 8 月)因任何骨科损伤入院的儿科患者进行了一项回顾性队列研究。根据美国 COVID-19 封锁(2020 年 3 月 19 日)将病例分为两组:Pre-COVID-19病例为封锁前的所有病例,Intra-COVID-19病例为封锁后的病例。对数字数据和分类变量进行汇总,并使用两比例 Z 检验、独立两样本 t 检验、皮尔森卡方检验或费雪精确检验来检验病例组之间的差异:结果:COVID-19 研究前和研究中期间,共有 3179 例儿科骨科转诊。我们观察到,在 COVID-19 封锁后,骨科伤害事件普遍减少,与 COVID-19 前的 1606 起相比,减少了 1235 起。受伤部位的模式也发生了变化;肱骨、胫骨和腓骨骨折明显减少(p < 0.05)。在 COVID-19 启用后,几种受伤机制明显减少,包括单杠、篮球和汽车造成的伤害(p < 0.01)。在 COVID-19 期间,总体受伤严重程度明显增加(P < 0.05):结论:虽然急性骨科创伤的转诊率有所下降,但许多损伤机制显示出相似的趋势,而不受任何限制。我们在临床上观察到,在 COVID-19 大流行期间,小儿骨科创伤的严重程度总体上有所上升。
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引用次数: 0
Trends in Nutritional Status and Dietary Behavior in School-Aged Children with Congenital Heart Defects. 先天性心脏缺陷学龄儿童的营养状况和饮食行为趋势。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.3390/children11101264
Dominik Tobias, Paul Christian Helm, Ulrike Maria Margarethe Bauer, Claudia Niessner, Sigrid Hahn, Jannos Siaplaouras, Christian Apitz

Background: Malnutrition and poor weight gain has been reported in infants with congenital heart defects (CHDs); however data in older children with CHDs are limited. In order to obtain representative data on the nutritional status, dietary behavior, and potential influencing factors in school-aged children with CHDs, we performed a nationwide online survey. Methods: Patients aged 6 to 17 years registered in the German National Register for CHDs were asked to participate in this study by completing the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) eating study questionnaire in order to assess their self-reported dietary habits. The use of the same questionnaire enabled a comparison with a representative subset of 4569 participants of the KiGGS study. Results: A total of 894 patients (mean age 12.5 ± 3.0 years; 47.2% female) were enrolled. Patients were allocated according to anatomic complexity into simple (23.8%), moderate (37.8%), and complex CHDs (38.4%). The consumption of sugar-containing food (p < 0.001) and fast food (p < 0.05) was significantly lower among the CHD patients than in the healthy children. Children with CHDs showed significantly lower body mass index (BMI) percentiles (p < 0.001) compared with their healthy peers, while children with complex and moderate CHDs had the lowest BMI. While in CHD patients, the BMI percentiles were not related to unhealthy food, there was a strong correlation with the CHD severity and number of previous interventions (p < 0.01). Conclusions: According to this nationwide survey, school-aged children with complex CHD are at risk of undernutrition, which is not due to dietary habits but to CHD severity and repeated surgery.

背景:先天性心脏缺损(CHD)婴儿营养不良和体重增长缓慢的情况时有报道,但有关先天性心脏缺损大龄儿童的数据却很有限。为了获得有关先天性心脏病学龄儿童营养状况、饮食行为和潜在影响因素的代表性数据,我们在全国范围内开展了一项在线调查。调查方法在德国全国心脏病登记处登记的 6 至 17 岁患者被要求参与本研究,填写德国儿童和青少年健康访谈和检查调查(KiGGS)饮食研究问卷,以评估他们自我报告的饮食习惯。通过使用相同的调查问卷,可以与 4569 名 KiGGS 研究参与者中具有代表性的子集进行比较。研究结果共有 894 名患者(平均年龄为 12.5 ± 3.0 岁;47.2% 为女性)参加了研究。根据解剖复杂程度将患者分为简单(23.8%)、中度(37.8%)和复杂(38.4%)三种类型。与健康儿童相比,先天性心脏病患者食用含糖食物(p < 0.001)和快餐(p < 0.05)的比例明显较低。与健康儿童相比,患有先天性心脏病的儿童的体重指数(BMI)百分位数明显较低(p < 0.001),而患有复杂性和中度先天性心脏病的儿童的体重指数最低。虽然慢性阻塞性肺病患者的体重指数百分位数与不健康食物无关,但与慢性阻塞性肺病的严重程度和先前干预的次数有很大关系(p < 0.01)。结论:根据这项全国性调查,患有复杂先天性心脏病的学龄儿童面临营养不良的风险,这与饮食习惯无关,而是与先天性心脏病的严重程度和反复手术有关。
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引用次数: 0
Digital Narratives: The Impact of Instagram® on Mothers of Children with Congenital Toxoplasmosis. 数字叙事:Instagram® 对先天性弓形虫病患儿母亲的影响。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.3390/children11101267
Gabrielle Gonçalves Veloso, Giovanna Cristina Machado-Kayzuka, Rhyquelle Rhibna Neris, Ana Carolina Andrade Biaggi Leite, Nayara Gonçalves Barbosa, Heloísa Cristina Figueiredo Frizzo, Gabrielle Vedoveto Escaliante, Adriana Moraes Leite, Beatriz Volpin Gomes Beato, Poliane da Silva Santos, Flávia Gomes-Sponholz, Lucila Castanheira Nascimento

Background: Congenital toxoplasmosis leads to severe complications in childhood and presents significant global health challenges. In Brazil, the prevalence of toxoplasmosis during pregnancy and congenital cases ranges from 0.3 to 8 per 1000 live births. The clinical manifestations of congenital toxoplasmosis can include neurological and ocular damage, among other health issues, which place significant burdens on affected families.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the experiences and motivations of mothers of children with congenital toxoplasmosis who share their journeys on social media, particularly Instagram.

Methods: A qualitative virtual ethnography was used that explored the content shared by mothers of children diagnosed with congenital toxoplasmosis, aiming to understand how social media aids in their coping strategies and the support networks they create.

Results: Fifteen Instagram accounts were analyzed, and twelve mothers participated in in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis revealed three main themes: the initial search for information and support, the evolving role of social media in advocacy and education, and the creation of a supportive online community.

Conclusions: This study highlights the potential of social media to provide emotional support, disseminate information, and foster communities among mothers facing similar challenges, ultimately contributing to better care strategies and professional awareness for supporting families dealing with congenital toxoplasmosis.

背景:先天性弓形虫病会导致儿童期严重并发症,给全球健康带来重大挑战。在巴西,孕期弓形虫病和先天性弓形虫病的发病率为每千名活产婴儿中 0.3 到 8 例。先天性弓形虫病的临床表现可能包括神经系统和眼部损伤,以及其他健康问题,这给受影响的家庭带来了沉重负担:本研究旨在调查先天性弓形虫病患儿的母亲在社交媒体(尤其是 Instagram)上分享自己心路历程的经历和动机:本研究采用定性虚拟民族志的方法,对确诊患有先天性弓形虫病儿童的母亲所分享的内容进行探讨,旨在了解社交媒体如何帮助她们制定应对策略以及她们所创建的支持网络:我们分析了 15 个 Instagram 账户,并对 12 位母亲进行了深入访谈。专题分析揭示了三大主题:最初寻找信息和支持、社交媒体在宣传和教育中不断发展的作用以及创建支持性网络社区:本研究强调了社交媒体在提供情感支持、传播信息以及在面临类似挑战的母亲之间建立社区方面的潜力,最终有助于制定更好的护理策略和提高专业意识,为患有先天性弓形虫病的家庭提供支持。
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引用次数: 0
Patellofemoral Instability in the Pediatric and Adolescent Population: From Causes to Treatments. 小儿和青少年髌骨股骨不稳:从病因到治疗。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.3390/children11101261
Anthony Ricciuti, Katelyn Colosi, Kevin Fitzsimmons, Matthew Brown

Background: Patella instability is one of the most common knee injuries in the adolescent patient. There are several pathoanatomic risk factors which should be assessed via several modalities, including X-rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or even CT scan.

Objectives: We intend to review these risk factors along with the nonsurgical and surgical techniques used to prevent recurrent dislocations.

Methods: We completed an extensive review of the recent literature concerning pediatric and adolescent patellar dislocation and subsequent treatment modalities.

Results: We review in detail the risk factors such as patella alta, trochlear dysplasia, lateralization of the tibial tubercle or medialization of the trochlear groove (increased tibial tubercle to trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance), lower limb malalignment, excessive femoral anteversion and/or tibial torsion, and hyperlaxity. There are classification systems for dislocators, and a natural progression of instability that patients often proceed through. Only after a patient has continued to dislocate after bracing and physical therapy is surgical treatment considered. Surgical techniques vary, with the workhorse being the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction. However, there are a variety of other techniques which add onto this procedure to address other anatomic risk factors. These include the tibial tubercle osteotomy to address a large TT-TG distance or trochleoplasty to address the lack of a trochlear groove.

Conclusions: Nonsurgical and surgical treatments for patella dislocators are tailored to the pathoanatomic risk factors in each patient.

背景:髌骨不稳是青少年患者最常见的膝关节损伤之一。有几种病理解剖学风险因素需要通过多种方式进行评估,包括X光、磁共振成像(MRI)甚至CT扫描:我们打算回顾这些风险因素以及用于预防复发性脱位的非手术和手术技术:我们对近期有关儿童和青少年髌骨脱位及后续治疗方法的文献进行了广泛的回顾:我们详细回顾了风险因素,如髌骨脱位、胫骨髁发育不良、胫骨结节外侧化或胫骨髁沟内侧化(胫骨结节到胫骨髁沟的距离(TT-TG)增加)、下肢错位、股骨过度内翻和/或胫骨扭转以及过度松弛。脱位者有分类系统,患者通常会经历不稳定性的自然发展过程。只有当患者经过支撑和物理治疗后仍然脱位,才会考虑手术治疗。手术技术各不相同,最常用的是髌股内侧韧带(MPFL)重建术。不过,还有其他多种技术可用于解决其他解剖学风险因素。这些技术包括胫骨结节截骨术,以解决TT-TG距离过大的问题;或蹄状肌成形术,以解决蹄状沟缺乏的问题:结论:针对髌骨脱位患者的非手术和手术治疗应根据每位患者的病理解剖学风险因素量身定制。
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引用次数: 0
In-Hospital and Interstage Mortality After Late Norwood Procedure: Acknowledging the Risks When We Are Running Out of Time. 晚期诺伍德手术后的院内和阶段间死亡率:在时间紧迫的情况下认识风险。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.3390/children11101262
Andreea Alina Andronache, Roberta Di Cosola, Martina Evangelista, Sara Boveri, Laura Schianchi, Alessandro Giamberti, Massimo Chessa

Background: A Norwood procedure performed after 14 days of life is notably burdened by a high mortality. We analysed the real risk and which other factors influence the mortality in late Norwood procedures.

Methods: A single-centre, retrospective review of a series of consecutive patients who underwent a surgical Norwood procedure from January 2019 until December 2023. The patients' characteristics were considered to identify the factors associated with in-hospital and interstage mortality.

Results: 35 patients were included and 71% (25) of the patients underwent the Norwood procedure after 14 days of life. The median age was 27 days (6-259 days). The in-hospital mortality was 26% (9/35) with 89% (8) of the deceased being older than 15 days at the time of the surgery. Other factors that negatively affected the outcome were a restrictive interatrial septum defect (ASD) in 66% of all patients (23), the need for mechanical ventilation in 46% (16) and systemic infection prior to surgery in 43% (15).

Conclusions: Age at the time of Norwood was not associated with a higher risk of mortality, but other factors such as restrictive ASD, preoperative infection and the need for mechanical ventilation prior to surgery are even more important in predicting the short-term outcome.

背景:出生 14 天后进行的诺伍德手术死亡率很高。我们分析了晚期诺伍德手术的实际风险以及影响死亡率的其他因素:对 2019 年 1 月至 2023 年 12 月期间接受诺伍德手术的一系列连续患者进行单中心回顾性研究。考虑了患者的特征,以确定与院内和阶段间死亡率相关的因素:共纳入 35 名患者,71%(25 人)的患者在出生 14 天后接受了诺伍德手术。中位年龄为 27 天(6-259 天)。院内死亡率为 26%(9/35),其中 89%(8)的死者在手术时年龄超过 15 天。对手术结果产生负面影响的其他因素包括:66%的患者(23例)存在限制性房间隔缺损(ASD),46%的患者(16例)需要机械通气,43%的患者(15例)在手术前出现全身感染:诺伍德手术时的年龄与较高的死亡风险无关,但限制性房间隔缺损、术前感染和术前需要机械通气等其他因素对预测短期结果更为重要。
{"title":"In-Hospital and Interstage Mortality After Late Norwood Procedure: Acknowledging the Risks When We Are Running Out of Time.","authors":"Andreea Alina Andronache, Roberta Di Cosola, Martina Evangelista, Sara Boveri, Laura Schianchi, Alessandro Giamberti, Massimo Chessa","doi":"10.3390/children11101262","DOIUrl":"10.3390/children11101262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A Norwood procedure performed after 14 days of life is notably burdened by a high mortality. We analysed the real risk and which other factors influence the mortality in late Norwood procedures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-centre, retrospective review of a series of consecutive patients who underwent a surgical Norwood procedure from January 2019 until December 2023. The patients' characteristics were considered to identify the factors associated with in-hospital and interstage mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>35 patients were included and 71% (25) of the patients underwent the Norwood procedure after 14 days of life. The median age was 27 days (6-259 days). The in-hospital mortality was 26% (9/35) with 89% (8) of the deceased being older than 15 days at the time of the surgery. Other factors that negatively affected the outcome were a restrictive interatrial septum defect (ASD) in 66% of all patients (23), the need for mechanical ventilation in 46% (16) and systemic infection prior to surgery in 43% (15).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Age at the time of Norwood was not associated with a higher risk of mortality, but other factors such as restrictive ASD, preoperative infection and the need for mechanical ventilation prior to surgery are even more important in predicting the short-term outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":48588,"journal":{"name":"Children-Basel","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11506364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142510670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Children-Basel
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