Gender and violent crime modify associations between greenspace and cardiovascular disease mortality in Philadelphia, PA

IF 3.8 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Health & Place Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI:10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103372
Wanyu Huang , Anneclaire J. De Roos , Michelle C. Kondo , Jane E. Clougherty , Yuzhe Zhao , Leah H. Schinasi
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Abstract

Few studies have explored variability of associations between greenspace and cardiovascular (CVD) mortality according to demographic or neighborhood contextual factors. We estimated overall and sex-stratified associations between greenspace and CVD mortality rates in Philadelphia, PA, and quantified effect modification of the sex-stratified associations by neighborhood violent crime rates. Sex- and age-stratified census tract CVD mortality rates (years 2008–2015) were linked with proportion tree canopy cover, grass/shrub cover, and total vegetation cover, and proportion of adult residents reporting access to a park. We used multivariable negative binomial models to estimate overall and sex-stratified associations between neighborhood greenspace and CVD mortality rates, and quantified effect modification by tract-level rates of violent crime. Higher proportion tree canopy cover and higher proportion adults reporting access to parks were associated with modestly lower rates of CVD mortality, with more pronounced estimates in males than females. In tracts with higher rates of crime, higher tree canopy coverage and perceived park access were associated with lower CVD mortality rates. We did not observe strong evidence of sex-based differences in interaction between neighborhood crime rates and greenspace. Results from this study reveal variability of associations between greenspace and CVD mortality rates according to sex categories, and according to neighborhood social environments. There is a need for further research exploring the extent to which differences in perceived safety explain gender-based differences in associations between greenspace and cardiovascular outcomes.
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性别和暴力犯罪改变了宾夕法尼亚州费城绿地与心血管疾病死亡率之间的关系。
很少有研究探讨了绿地与心血管疾病(CVD)死亡率之间的关系因人口或社区背景因素而产生的变化。我们估算了宾夕法尼亚州费城绿地与心血管疾病死亡率之间的总体关系和性别分层关系,并量化了邻里暴力犯罪率对性别分层关系的影响。按性别和年龄划分的普查区心血管疾病死亡率(2008-2015 年)与树冠覆盖率、草地/灌木覆盖率、植被总覆盖率以及报告可进入公园的成年居民比例相关联。我们使用多变量负二叉模型来估算社区绿地与心血管疾病死亡率之间的总体关系和性别分层关系,并通过区级暴力犯罪率对影响修正进行量化。较高比例的树冠覆盖率和较高比例的成年人报告的公园使用率与较低的心血管疾病死亡率相关,男性的估计值比女性更明显。在犯罪率较高的地区,较高的树冠覆盖率和公园可及性与较低的心血管疾病死亡率相关。在社区犯罪率与绿地之间的相互作用中,我们没有观察到基于性别差异的有力证据。这项研究的结果表明,绿地与心血管疾病死亡率之间的关系因性别类别和社区社会环境而异。有必要进一步开展研究,探讨安全感的差异在多大程度上解释了绿地与心血管疾病结果之间的性别差异。
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来源期刊
Health & Place
Health & Place PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
7.70
自引率
6.20%
发文量
176
审稿时长
29 days
期刊介绍: he journal is an interdisciplinary journal dedicated to the study of all aspects of health and health care in which place or location matters.
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