Effect of single parenteral administration of marbofloxacin on bacterial load and selection of resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the fecal microbiota of healthy pigs.

IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES BMC Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI:10.1186/s12917-024-04329-9
Micaela Miyauchi, Farid El Garch, William Thériault, Bruno G Leclerc, Edith Lépine, Henry Giboin, Mohamed Rhouma
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Abstract

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global concern impacting both humans, animals and their environment. The use of oral antimicrobials in livestock, particularly in pigs, has been identified as a driver in the selection of AMR bacteria. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a single intramuscular (IM) dose of marbofloxacin (8 mg/kg) on Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli populations, as well as on fluoroquinolone resistance within the fecal microbiota of pigs. Twenty healthy pigs, 60-days old, were divided into two groups: a treated group (n = 13) and a control group (n = 7) and were monitored over a 28-day experimental period. Fecal samples were collected from all animals for the isolation of E. coli and Salmonella strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of marbofloxacin for the isolates recovered on MacConkey agar supplemented with 1 or 4 µg/mL of marbofloxacin and for some generic E. coli isolates (recovered from MacConkey agar not supplemented with marbofloxacin) was determined using the broth microdilution method. Genomic DNA was extracted from the confirmed bacterial strains and sequenced using the Sanger method to identify mutations in the quinolone resistance determining regions (QRDRs) of the gyrA and parC genes.

Results: The single IM administration of marbofloxacin resulted in a significant decrease in Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli fecal populations from days 1 to 3 post- treatment. No Salmonella isolates were detected in either group, and no marbofloxacin-resistant E. coli isolates were identified. The MIC of the selected generic E. coli strains (n = 100) showed an increase to up to 0.5 µg/mL between days 1 and 3 post-treatment but remained below the clinical breakpoint of marbofloxacin resistance (4 µg/mL). Sequencing of these isolates revealed no mutations in gyrA and parC genes.

Conclusions: The present study showed that this dosing regimen of marbofloxacin significantly decreases the fecal shedding of Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli populations in pigs, while limiting the selection of marbofloxacin-resistant E. coli isolates. These findings warrant validation in sick pigs to support the selective use of this antibiotic solely in cases of clinical disease, thereby minimizing the reliance on conventional (metaphylactic) group treatments in pigs.

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单次肠外注射马勃沙星对健康猪粪便微生物群中细菌量和耐药肠杆菌科细菌选择的影响
背景:抗菌药耐药性(AMR)是一个全球关注的问题,对人类、动物及其环境都有影响。在家畜(尤其是猪)中使用口服抗菌药已被确认为是产生 AMR 细菌的一个驱动因素。本研究的目的是评估单次肌肉注射(IM)8 毫克/千克的马勃沙星对肠杆菌科细菌和大肠杆菌数量的影响,以及对猪粪便微生物群中氟喹诺酮类药物耐药性的影响。20 头 60 天大的健康猪被分为两组:治疗组(n = 13)和对照组(n = 7),并在 28 天的实验期内接受监测。收集所有动物的粪便样本,用于分离大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌菌株。使用肉汤微稀释法测定了在添加了 1 或 4 µg/mL 的马勃沙星的麦康凯琼脂上回收的分离菌株和一些普通大肠杆菌分离菌株(在未添加马勃沙星的麦康凯琼脂上回收)的马勃沙星最低抑菌浓度 (MIC)。从确认的细菌菌株中提取基因组 DNA,并使用 Sanger 方法进行测序,以确定 gyrA 和 parC 基因的喹诺酮类药物耐药性决定区 (QRDR) 的突变:结果:治疗后第 1 到第 3 天,单次 IM 服用 marbofloxacin 后,肠杆菌科细菌和大肠杆菌的粪便数量显著减少。两组中均未检测到沙门氏菌分离物,也未发现耐药大肠杆菌分离物。选定的普通大肠杆菌菌株(n = 100)的 MIC 值在治疗后第 1 天和第 3 天之间增加到 0.5 µg/mL,但仍低于耐受马勃沙星的临床断点(4 µg/mL)。这些分离物的测序结果显示,gyrA和parC基因没有发生突变:本研究表明,这种给药方案能显著减少猪粪便中肠杆菌科细菌和大肠杆菌群的脱落,同时限制耐马勃沙星大肠杆菌分离物的选择。这些发现值得在病猪身上进行验证,以支持仅在临床疾病病例中选择性使用这种抗生素,从而最大限度地减少猪对常规(预防性)集体治疗的依赖。
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来源期刊
BMC Veterinary Research
BMC Veterinary Research VETERINARY SCIENCES-
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
3.80%
发文量
420
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: BMC Veterinary Research is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of veterinary science and medicine, including the epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of medical conditions of domestic, companion, farm and wild animals, as well as the biomedical processes that underlie their health.
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