A novel spine tester TO GO

IF 3.4 3区 医学 Q1 ORTHOPEDICS JOR Spine Pub Date : 2024-10-27 DOI:10.1002/jsp2.70002
Jan Ulrich Jansen, Laura Zengerle, Marcel Steiner, Vincenza Sciortino, Marianna Tryfonidou, Hans-Joachim Wilke
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Abstract

Background

Often after large animal experiments in spinal research, the question arises—histology or biomechanics? While biomechanics are essential for informed decisions on the functionality of the therapy being studied, scientists often choose histological analysis alone. For biomechanical testing, for example, flexibility, specimens must be shipped to institutions with special testing equipment, as spine testers are complex and immobile. The specimens must usually be shipped frozen, and, thus, biological and histological investigations are not possible anymore. To allow both biomechanical and biological investigations with the same specimen and, thus, to reduce the number of required animals, the aim of the study was to develop a spine tester that can be shipped worldwide to test on-site.

Methods

The “Spine Tester TO GO” was designed consisting of a frame with three motors that initiate pure moments and rotate the specimen in three motion planes. A load cell and an optical motion tracking system controlled the applied loads and measured range of motion (ROM) and neutral zone (NZ). As a proof of concept, the new machine was validated and compared under real experimental conditions with an existing testing machine already validated employing fresh bovine tail discs CY34 (n = 10).

Results

The new spine tester measured reasonable ROM and NZ from hysteresis curves, and the ROM of the two testing machines formed a high coefficient of determination R2 = 0.986. However, higher ROM results of the new testing machine might be explained by the lower friction of the air bearings, which allowed more translational motion.

Conclusions

The spine tester TO GO now opens up new opportunities for on-site flexibility tests and contributes hereby to the 3R principle by limiting the number of experimental animals needed to obtain full characterization of spine units at the macroscopic, biomechanical, biochemical, and histological level.

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新颖的脊椎测试仪 TO GO。
背景:脊柱研究中的大型动物实验后往往会出现这样的问题--组织学还是生物力学?虽然生物力学对于决定所研究疗法的功能性至关重要,但科学家们往往只选择组织学分析。要进行生物力学测试,例如柔韧性测试,标本必须运到拥有特殊测试设备的机构,因为脊柱测试仪既复杂又不能移动。标本通常必须冷冻运输,因此无法再进行生物和组织学研究。为了用同一标本进行生物力学和生物学研究,从而减少所需动物的数量,本研究的目的是开发一种可运往世界各地进行现场测试的脊柱测试仪:脊柱测试仪 TO GO "由一个框架和三个电机组成,三个电机可启动纯力矩并在三个运动平面上旋转试样。载荷传感器和光学运动跟踪系统控制施加的载荷,并测量运动范围(ROM)和中立区(NZ)。作为概念验证,在实际实验条件下对新机器进行了验证,并将其与使用新鲜牛尾椎间盘 CY34(n = 10)验证过的现有试验机进行了比较:结果:新型脊柱测试仪通过滞后曲线测量出了合理的 ROM 和 NZ,两台测试仪的 ROM 形成了较高的决定系数 R 2 = 0.986。不过,新试验机的 ROM 结果更高,这可能是因为空气轴承的摩擦力更小,允许更多的平移运动:现在,TO GO脊柱测试仪为现场柔韧性测试提供了新的机会,并通过限制在宏观、生物力学、生物化学和组织学层面获得脊柱单元全面特征所需的实验动物数量,从而为 3R 原则做出了贡献。
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来源期刊
JOR Spine
JOR Spine ORTHOPEDICS-
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
18.90%
发文量
42
审稿时长
10 weeks
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