Sole and complementary effect of animal manures and wood ash on maize production and P uptake in tropical soils

IF 1.827 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences Arabian Journal of Geosciences Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI:10.1007/s12517-024-12117-w
Toyin Blessing Odelana, Ganiyu Olawale Bankole, Oladele Abdullahi Oguntade, Jamiu Oladipupo Azeez
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Abstract

Information on the sole and complementary effect of wood ash and animal manures on phosphorus (P) and maize growth in literature is scarce. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the sole effect of animal manures, wood ash, and their combined effect on P uptake and maize performance, in some alfisols of southwest Nigeria. Treatments included control, poultry manure (PM), poultry manure + wood ash (PMWA), cattle manure (CM), cattle manure + wood ash (CMWA), and wood ash (WA). Sole manures were applied at a rate of 5 tha−1, wood ash at a rate of 90 kg P ha−1 while mixtures of animal manure and wood ash were applied at 90 kg P ha−1and 5 tha−1 to soils under screen house and field conditions after which maize seeds were sown. Agronomic parameters of maize were measured fortnightly. Data collected were analyzed, and significant treatments were separated using the Duncan multiple range test. Result indicated that Maize plant height increased by 35, 33, 32, 31, 26, and 22% respectively with the single application of CMWA, PMWA, CM, PM, and WA from the 2nd to 8th weeks after planting. Furthermore, an increase of 28%, 29%, 31%, 35% and 48%, 41%, 30%, 27%, respectively, was recorded in CM, CMWA, PM, and PMWA amended pots relative to the control and WA in the screen house experiment. At 8 weeks after planting (WAP), the amendment effect was significant across all the experimental soils; an increase of 35%, 7%, and 182% in stem girth was recorded with the application of CM, respectively, relative to the control soil from Alabata, Obada, and Owode. The increase in leaf area from the 2nd week to the 8th week was in the order control (54%) < WA (58%) < CMWA (85%) < CM (87%) < PM (88%) < PMWA (114%) in the screen house. Furthermore, leaf area observed in CM, CMWA, PM, and PMWA was 178, 142, 115, and 102% higher than the control treatment. The residual effect of amendments on maize height indicated that maize plant heights in CM, CMWA, PM, and PMWA amended pots were 92, 51, 82, and 67% higher than the control. The application of PMWA significantly increased the dry matter yield of maize by 66, 135, 663, and 59% when compared to the control CM, CMWA, and PM, respectively. Phosphorus uptake in amended pots was the highest in PMWA amended pots for all the soils except soil from Obada in the first cycle of the screen house experiment. However, in the second cycle of the screen house experiment, CM had a residual effect on dry matter and P uptake in comparison to all other amendments. The percent mean increases of maize plant height from 2 to 12WAP of the field trial in plots are CMWA (26%), WA (29%), CM (30%), PMWA (30%), and PM (31%). The percent mean increases of maize stem girth were CMWA (263%), WA (316%), CM (290%), PMWA (291%), and PM (368%), and the percent mean increases of maize leaf area were WA (46%), CM (47%), PM (52%), CMWA (53%), and PMWA (54%) over the 12 weeks of the field experiment. All amendments significantly increased cob + grain yield, grain yield, and shoot yield above the control in the first and second cycle of the field experiment. Shoot P uptake was similar for all amendments in the first cycle while significant increases of 270%, 127%, and 296% were recorded in CMWA and PMWA applied plots comparative to control, PM, and WA, respectively, in the second cycle. However, the application of CMWA significantly increased grain P uptake than the control. Animal manures, wood ash, and their mixtures can increase agronomic parameters of maize, yield, and P uptake in maize under screen house and field experiments. The sole and complementary application of wood ash and animal manures is therefore recommended for maize production.

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动物粪便和木灰对热带土壤中玉米产量和 P 吸收的单独和互补效应
有关木灰和动物粪便对磷(P)和玉米生长的单独影响和互补影响的文献资料很少。因此,本研究旨在确定在尼日利亚西南部的一些苜蓿土壤中,动物粪便、木灰对磷吸收和玉米生长的单独影响,以及它们对磷吸收和玉米生长的综合影响。处理包括对照、家禽粪便(PM)、家禽粪便+木灰(PMWA)、牛粪(CM)、牛粪+木灰(CMWA)和木灰(WA)。畜禽粪便和木灰的混合物分别以每公顷 90 千克 P 和每公顷 5 千克 P 的施用量施用到筛房和田地条件下的土壤中,然后播种玉米种子。每两周测量一次玉米的农艺参数。对收集到的数据进行了分析,并使用邓肯多重范围检验对显著处理进行了区分。结果表明,在播种后第 2 至第 8 周,施用 CMWA、PMWA、CM、PM 和 WA 后,玉米株高分别增加了 35%、33%、32%、31%、26% 和 22%。此外,在网室试验中,施用 CMWA、CMWA、PM 和 PMWA 的花盆与对照和 WA 相比,分别增加了 28%、29%、31%、35% 和 48%、41%、30%、27%。在种植后 8 周,所有实验土壤的改良效果都很显著;相对于 Alabata、Obada 和 Owode 的对照土壤,施用 CM 的茎围分别增加了 35%、7% 和 182%。从第 2 周到第 8 周,筛房中叶面积的增加依次为对照(54%);WA(58%);CMWA(85%);CM(87%);PM(88%);PMWA(114%)。此外,在 CM、CMWA、PM 和 PMWA 中观察到的叶面积分别比对照处理高出 178%、142%、115% 和 102%。施用改良剂对玉米株高的剩余效应表明,施用 CM、CMWA、PM 和 PMWA 改良盆栽的玉米株高分别比对照高 92%、51%、82% 和 67%。与对照组 CM、CMWA 和 PM 相比,施用 PMWA 可使玉米干物质产量分别大幅提高 66%、135%、663% 和 59%。在筛选室试验的第一个周期,除奥巴达土壤外,所有土壤在施用 PMWA 后的花盆中磷的吸收量都是最高的。然而,在筛房实验的第二周期,与所有其他改良剂相比,CM 对干物质和钾的吸收有残余影响。在田间试验中,2-12WAP 玉米株高的平均增长百分比分别为 CMWA(26%)、WA(29%)、CM(30%)、PMWA(30%)和 PM(31%)。在 12 周的田间试验中,玉米茎围的平均增长百分比分别为 CMWA(263%)、WA(316%)、CM(290%)、PMWA(291%)和 PM(368%);玉米叶面积的平均增长百分比分别为 WA(46%)、CM(47%)、PM(52%)、CMWA(53%)和 PMWA(54%)。在田间试验的第一和第二周期,所有改良剂都能使玉米棒+谷物产量、谷物产量和芽产量明显高于对照组。在第一周期中,所有添加剂的芽钾吸收量相似,而在第二周期中,施用 CMWA 和 PMWA 的地块与对照、PM 和 WA 相比分别显著增加了 270%、127% 和 296%。然而,施用 CMWA 比对照明显增加了谷物对 P 的吸收。在筛选室和田间试验中,畜禽粪便、木灰及其混合物可提高玉米的农艺参数、产量和钾吸收量。因此,建议在玉米生产中单独或互补施用木灰和动物粪便。
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来源期刊
Arabian Journal of Geosciences
Arabian Journal of Geosciences GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
自引率
0.00%
发文量
1587
审稿时长
6.7 months
期刊介绍: The Arabian Journal of Geosciences is the official journal of the Saudi Society for Geosciences and publishes peer-reviewed original and review articles on the entire range of Earth Science themes, focused on, but not limited to, those that have regional significance to the Middle East and the Euro-Mediterranean Zone. Key topics therefore include; geology, hydrogeology, earth system science, petroleum sciences, geophysics, seismology and crustal structures, tectonics, sedimentology, palaeontology, metamorphic and igneous petrology, natural hazards, environmental sciences and sustainable development, geoarchaeology, geomorphology, paleo-environment studies, oceanography, atmospheric sciences, GIS and remote sensing, geodesy, mineralogy, volcanology, geochemistry and metallogenesis.
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