The Effect of Electromagnetic Interference Produced by Smartphones Using 5G Network on Patients With Permanent Pacemakers (EMS5G-PPM Study)

IF 1.6 3区 医学 Q3 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS Journal of interventional cardiology Pub Date : 2024-10-27 DOI:10.1155/2024/3550004
Treechada Wisaratapong, Nutthapong Pechaksorn, Tippawan Liabsuetrakul, Watchara Lohawijarn
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Abstract

Background: The safety of new-generation mobile phones using 5G networks in patients with modern-generation pacemakers has not been studied.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the risk of electromagnetic interference (EMI) generated by a new-generation mobile phone with 5G networks when positioned at the pacemaker pocket or the contralateral ear and assess the incidence of EMI with telemetry interrogation in patients with permanent pacemakers.

Methods: We enrolled 489 patients with pacemakers from three different manufacturers. The pacemaker mode was programmed for overdrive pacing and sensing mode if an intrinsic rhythm was present. A smartphone (Samsung S21 + 5G) was placed directly over the pulse generator and right ear. The phone was tested under standby mode, 5G internet connection, and incoming and outgoing calls for each location. Real-time electrocardiography (ECG) monitoring and patient symptoms were recorded to determine the occurrence of EMI. The possibility of EMI with interrogation telemetry was also investigated.

Results: A total of 4824 tests were performed on 489 patients. Most pacemakers were dual-chamber (82%) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-compatible systems (83%). EMI was not detected with both mobile phone positions. Interference with telemetry was demonstrated in 11.5% of patients. Almost all incidences of interference (98.2%) occurred during incoming calls. Single-chamber pacemakers, non-MRI-compatible systems, older pulse generators, older leads, and unipolar settings were significantly related to a higher incidence of interference with interrogation telemetry.

Conclusions: The risk of EMI between modern smartphones with 5G networks and pacemakers is low. Nevertheless, interference with the interrogation telemetry may still occur.

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使用 5G 网络的智能手机产生的电磁干扰对永久起搏器患者的影响(EMS5G-PPM 研究)
背景:使用 5G 网络的新一代移动电话对现代心脏起搏器患者的安全性尚未进行研究。 研究目的本研究旨在比较使用 5G 网络的新一代移动电话放置在心脏起搏器袋或对侧耳时产生电磁干扰(EMI)的风险,并评估永久性心脏起搏器患者在接受遥测询问时 EMI 的发生率。 研究方法我们招募了 489 名使用三个不同制造商生产的起搏器的患者。起搏器模式设定为超速起搏,如果存在内在节律,则设定为传感模式。一部智能手机(三星 S21 + 5G)被直接放置在脉冲发生器和右耳上方。手机在待机模式、5G 互联网连接以及每个位置的来电和去电情况下进行测试。对实时心电图(ECG)监测和患者症状进行了记录,以确定是否发生了 EMI。此外,还调查了讯问遥测发生 EMI 的可能性。 结果:共对 489 名患者进行了 4824 次测试。大多数起搏器为双腔(82%)或磁共振成像(MRI)兼容系统(83%)。两种手机位置均未检测到电磁干扰。11.5% 的患者出现了遥测干扰。几乎所有干扰事件(98.2%)都发生在来电时。单腔起搏器、非 MRI 兼容系统、较旧的脉冲发生器、较旧的导联和单极设置与较高的遥测干扰发生率明显相关。 结论使用 5G 网络的现代智能手机与心脏起搏器之间的电磁干扰风险很低。不过,干扰询问遥测的情况仍有可能发生。
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来源期刊
Journal of interventional cardiology
Journal of interventional cardiology CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS-
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
81
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Interventional Cardiology is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that provides a forum for cardiologists determined to stay current in the diagnosis, investigation, and management of patients with cardiovascular disease and its associated complications. The journal publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies focusing on new procedures and techniques in all major subject areas in the field, including: Acute coronary syndrome Coronary disease Congenital heart diseases Myocardial infarction Peripheral arterial disease Valvular heart disease Cardiac hemodynamics and physiology Haemostasis and thrombosis
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