Effect of salinity-clay variation on the transient magnetic field in the Quaternary aquifer, theoretically and practically

IF 4.9 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Groundwater for Sustainable Development Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI:10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101360
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Abstract

This study focuses on understanding the physical foundations of the transient electromagnetic method, such as the transition from a simple basic principle to a more complex principle, starting from the Biot-Savart law until the current concept. It calculates the steady and transient magnetic fields around any electrical wire system. Accordingly, this law will be used to determine the magnetic field around the square loop configuration, which matches the magnetic field arising from the circular loop configuration. The square loop equation was derived and extended to include changes in the half-space, which allows us to understand how the electromagnetic waves travel in the subsurface and the farthest point, that can record the TEM response from the TEM loop, according to the loop size and loop current. Accordingly, the deduced equations were applied to predict the transient magnetic field curves of the Quaternary aquifer in three different water zones along the Nile delta, depending on the values of resistivity and chargeability caused by the variations in salinity and clay contents. The calculated transient magnetic curves were then compared with other measured field curves to confirm the validity of the derived equations. Therefore, these curves are expected to be used as guide curves for the transient magnetic field response in this aquifer. Also, these curves are important in estimating the hydro-geophysical characteristics of the main groundwater aquifer in the selected area and in other areas with the same geologic and hydrogeologic settings. Also, a common model is presented for any delta environment in the world in measured and calculated data.

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盐度-粘土变化对第四纪含水层瞬态磁场的理论和实践影响
本研究的重点是了解瞬态电磁法的物理基础,如从简单的基本原理到更复杂的原理,从比奥特-萨瓦特定律开始,直到目前的概念。它可以计算任何电线系统周围的稳定和瞬态磁场。因此,该定律将用于确定方形环形结构周围的磁场,它与圆形环形结构产生的磁场相匹配。方形环路方程的推导和扩展包括了半空间的变化,这使我们能够了解电磁波如何在地表下传播,以及根据环路尺寸和环路电流可记录 TEM 环路 TEM 响应的最远点。因此,根据盐度和粘土含量变化引起的电阻率和电荷率值,应用推导出的方程来预测尼罗河三角洲沿岸三个不同水区的第四纪含水层的瞬态磁场曲线。然后,将计算出的瞬态磁场曲线与其他实测磁场曲线进行比较,以确认推导方程的有效性。因此,这些曲线有望用作该含水层瞬态磁场响应的指导曲线。此外,这些曲线对于估算选定区域以及具有相同地质和水文地质背景的其他区域的主要地下水含水层的水文地质物理特征也很重要。此外,还提出了一个适用于世界上任何三角洲环境的测量和计算数据的通用模型。
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来源期刊
Groundwater for Sustainable Development
Groundwater for Sustainable Development Social Sciences-Geography, Planning and Development
CiteScore
11.50
自引率
10.20%
发文量
152
期刊介绍: Groundwater for Sustainable Development is directed to different stakeholders and professionals, including government and non-governmental organizations, international funding agencies, universities, public water institutions, public health and other public/private sector professionals, and other relevant institutions. It is aimed at professionals, academics and students in the fields of disciplines such as: groundwater and its connection to surface hydrology and environment, soil sciences, engineering, ecology, microbiology, atmospheric sciences, analytical chemistry, hydro-engineering, water technology, environmental ethics, economics, public health, policy, as well as social sciences, legal disciplines, or any other area connected with water issues. The objectives of this journal are to facilitate: • The improvement of effective and sustainable management of water resources across the globe. • The improvement of human access to groundwater resources in adequate quantity and good quality. • The meeting of the increasing demand for drinking and irrigation water needed for food security to contribute to a social and economically sound human development. • The creation of a global inter- and multidisciplinary platform and forum to improve our understanding of groundwater resources and to advocate their effective and sustainable management and protection against contamination. • Interdisciplinary information exchange and to stimulate scientific research in the fields of groundwater related sciences and social and health sciences required to achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals for sustainable development.
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