David Pires , Cláudia S.L. Vicente , Manuel Mota , Maria L. Inácio
{"title":"Polyphasic approach to the selection of Esteya isolates for the control of the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus","authors":"David Pires , Cláudia S.L. Vicente , Manuel Mota , Maria L. Inácio","doi":"10.1016/j.funbio.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pine wilt disease, caused by the pinewood nematode, <em>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus</em>, is a major phytosanitary concern to pine forests worldwide. Managing pine wilt disease involves a complex logistical undertaking, with limited effectiveness and significant ecological repercussions. An increasing demand for biosolutions has sparked an interest in microbial antagonists capable of controlling the nematode. <em>Esteya</em> spp. are promising fungal biocontrol agents of the pinewood nematode. Here, we carry out an integrative characterization of <em>Esteya vermicola</em> and <em>Esteya floridanum</em> isolates, through biological, biochemical, and molecular methods, and provide insights into the selection of these isolates for the biological control of the pinewood nematode. Dual culture assays revealed that <em>Esteya</em> spp. can compete with ophiostomatoid fungi (<em>Leptographium terebrantis</em> and <em>Ophiostoma ips</em>) occurring in the pathosystem of pine wilt disease, an often-neglected ecological perspective that could hinder their success as biocontrol agents. Moreover, <em>E. vermicola</em> can metabolize more carbon sources than <em>E. floridanum</em>, which can have implications on their successful establishment in pine trees. Our experimental approach further shows that both <em>Esteya</em> spp. are equally competent in suppressing the pinewood nematode <em>in vitro</em>. Overall, our results suggest that a prophylactic application of <em>Esteya</em> in pine trees may be preferable for optimal bioprotective effects against the pinewood nematode and fungal pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12683,"journal":{"name":"Fungal biology","volume":"128 8","pages":"Pages 2242-2249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Fungal biology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878614624001375","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MYCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Pine wilt disease, caused by the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is a major phytosanitary concern to pine forests worldwide. Managing pine wilt disease involves a complex logistical undertaking, with limited effectiveness and significant ecological repercussions. An increasing demand for biosolutions has sparked an interest in microbial antagonists capable of controlling the nematode. Esteya spp. are promising fungal biocontrol agents of the pinewood nematode. Here, we carry out an integrative characterization of Esteya vermicola and Esteya floridanum isolates, through biological, biochemical, and molecular methods, and provide insights into the selection of these isolates for the biological control of the pinewood nematode. Dual culture assays revealed that Esteya spp. can compete with ophiostomatoid fungi (Leptographium terebrantis and Ophiostoma ips) occurring in the pathosystem of pine wilt disease, an often-neglected ecological perspective that could hinder their success as biocontrol agents. Moreover, E. vermicola can metabolize more carbon sources than E. floridanum, which can have implications on their successful establishment in pine trees. Our experimental approach further shows that both Esteya spp. are equally competent in suppressing the pinewood nematode in vitro. Overall, our results suggest that a prophylactic application of Esteya in pine trees may be preferable for optimal bioprotective effects against the pinewood nematode and fungal pathogens.
期刊介绍:
Fungal Biology publishes original contributions in all fields of basic and applied research involving fungi and fungus-like organisms (including oomycetes and slime moulds). Areas of investigation include biodeterioration, biotechnology, cell and developmental biology, ecology, evolution, genetics, geomycology, medical mycology, mutualistic interactions (including lichens and mycorrhizas), physiology, plant pathology, secondary metabolites, and taxonomy and systematics. Submissions on experimental methods are also welcomed. Priority is given to contributions likely to be of interest to a wide international audience.