An outbreak of rhinovirus infection in a primary school in Shenyang City, China, in 2022

IF 3.5 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Biosafety and Health Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.bsheal.2024.09.004

Yage Wang , Jiayuan Liang , Zhibo Xie , Bing Wang , Jinhua Song , Baicheng Xia , Huiling Wang , Yao Zhang , Ye Chen , Ling Chen , Shi Cong , Yu Liu , Aili Cui , Yan Zhang

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Abstract

Rhinovirus (RV) is a common pathogen that causes respiratory tract infection and can cause outbreaks in hospitals and welfare institutions. A cluster of respiratory diseases occurred in a primary school in Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China, in 2022. In this outbreak, a total of 31 students had symptoms similar to those of upper respiratory tract infection, mainly cough and sore throat. Among them, 27 throat swabs were collected and identified for respiratory pathogens by TaqMan low-density array (TLDA), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), reverse transcription-nested PCR and whole-genome sequencing. Out of the 27 specimens, 24 tested positive for RV, and 21 RV viral protein 1 sequences were obtained, of which 15 (71.43%) were identified as RV-A49, while 2 RV-A20 and 4 sequences from 2 specimens were RV-A30 coinfected with RV-C15. In addition, one whole-genome sequence (WGS) of RV-A49 was obtained, and three unique amino acid mutations were found compared to 23 WGS of RV-A49 from GenBank. In conclusion, this outbreak of upper respiratory tract infection is caused by RV, mainly RV-A49.

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2022 年中国沈阳市一所小学爆发鼻病毒感染疫情

鼻病毒（RV）是一种引起呼吸道感染的常见病原体，可在医院和福利机构引起暴发流行。2022 年，中国辽宁省沈阳市的一所小学发生了一起呼吸道疾病聚集性疫情。在这次疫情中，共有 31 名学生出现类似上呼吸道感染的症状，主要是咳嗽和咽喉痛。采集了其中 27 份咽拭子标本，并通过 TaqMan 低密度阵列（TLDA）、实时定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）、反转录巢式 PCR 和全基因组测序对呼吸道病原体进行了鉴定。在 27 个标本中，24 个标本的 RV 检测呈阳性，获得 21 个 RV 病毒蛋白 1 序列，其中 15 个（71.43%）被鉴定为 RV-A49，2 个 RV-A20 和 2 个标本的 4 个序列为 RV-A30 与 RV-C15 共感染。此外，还获得了一个 RV-A49 的全基因组序列（WGS），与 GenBank 中 23 个 RV-A49 的 WGS 相比，发现了 3 个独特的氨基酸突变。总之，此次上呼吸道感染疫情是由 RV（主要是 RV-A49）引起的。

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