Predictive value of circulating miR-409-3p for major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease

Abstract

Objectives

To investigate the serum levels of miR-409-3p in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with coronary heart disease (CHD) and its effect on high glucose (HG)-induced myocardial cell injury.

Methods

A total of 250 patients with T2DM admitted to our hospital from April 2020 through April 2022 were enrolled as the study subjects, and then grouped into T2DM + CHD (group #1) and T2DM (group #2). Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to measure the levels of serum miR-409-3p. The clinical performance of miR-409-3p was evaluated. The human cardiomyocyte AC16 cells were cultured in vitro and treated with HG. MTT assay and flow cytometry were performed to detect cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to explore the potential mechanism of miR-409-3p in T2DM complicated with CHD.

Results

The expression level of miR-409-3p was increased in the T2DM + CHD group and had a relative high diagnostic value for distinguishing patients with T2DM + CHD from patients with T2DM alone. Correlation analysis showed that serum miR-409-3p was positively associated with the Gensini score and adverse cardiovascular events; miR-409-3p knockdown alleviated HG-induced AC16 cell damage and reduced cell apoptosis. CREB1, BCL2, and SMAD2 were the top 3 hub genes of miR-409-3p.

Conclusion

Serum miR-409-3p may serve as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for predicting T2DM complicated with CHD and forecast adverse events. Targeting miR-409-3p may be a novel therapeutic strategy to intervene in the development of T2DM + CHD.