Synthesis, characterization, and novel reactivity of nano CeO2 catalyst for solvent-free Knoevenagel condensation

IF 3.2 4区 化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of the Indian Chemical Society Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI:10.1016/j.jics.2024.101442
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Abstract

We synthesized the nano CeO2 using the sol-gel method and characterized the material using different techniques, including XRD, FT-IR, BET surface area, SEM, and TEM analysis. We tested the catalytic functionalities of nano CeO2 catalyst for Knoevengel condensation of different substituted benzaldehydes with malononitrile, which offered exceptional 95 % conversion and yield. The results support that nano CeO2 material significantly boosted the yield of the desired product compared to the bulk material. The low-angle XRD profile showed that the regenerated nanomaterial fully retained the porous nature and cubic structure of ceria. FT-IR results reveal that the characteristic vibrational IR band is at 720 cm−1, which is attributed to Ce–O–Ce stretching. The BET surface area result indicates that nano-ceria possesses a higher surface area than bulk CeO2 material. The SEM analysis illustrates cube-like morphology and TEM data show the nanorod-like appearance of ceria. The nanocatalyst exhibited stable and sustainable activity during regeneration up to 5 cycles.

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用于无溶剂克诺文纳格尔缩合的纳米 CeO2 催化剂的合成、表征和新型反应活性
我们采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了纳米 CeO2,并利用 XRD、FT-IR、BET 表面积、SEM 和 TEM 分析等不同技术对材料进行了表征。我们测试了纳米 CeO2 催化剂在不同取代苯甲醛与丙二腈的 Knoevengel 缩合反应中的催化功能,其转化率和产率高达 95%。结果表明,与块状材料相比,纳米 CeO2 材料显著提高了所需产物的产率。低角度 XRD 图谱显示,再生纳米材料完全保留了铈的多孔性和立方结构。傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)结果显示,特征振动红外波段位于 720 cm-1,属于 Ce-O-Ce 伸展。BET 比表面积结果表明,纳米铈比块状 CeO2 材料具有更高的比表面积。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析表明了铈的立方体形态,而 TEM 数据则显示了铈的纳米棒状外观。该纳米催化剂在再生过程中表现出稳定和持续的活性,可循环使用 5 次。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
7.70%
发文量
492
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of the Indian Chemical Society publishes original, fundamental, theorical, experimental research work of highest quality in all areas of chemistry, biochemistry, medicinal chemistry, electrochemistry, agrochemistry, chemical engineering and technology, food chemistry, environmental chemistry, etc.
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