{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, and novel reactivity of nano CeO2 catalyst for solvent-free Knoevenagel condensation","authors":"Balaga Viswanadham , Sreekantha B. Jonnalagadda","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2024.101442","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We synthesized the nano CeO<sub>2</sub> using the sol-gel method and characterized the material using different techniques, including XRD, FT-IR, BET surface area, SEM, and TEM analysis. We tested the catalytic functionalities of nano CeO<sub>2</sub> catalyst for Knoevengel condensation of different substituted benzaldehydes with malononitrile, which offered exceptional 95 % conversion and yield. The results support that nano CeO<sub>2</sub> material significantly boosted the yield of the desired product compared to the bulk material. The low-angle XRD profile showed that the regenerated nanomaterial fully retained the porous nature and cubic structure of ceria. FT-IR results reveal that the characteristic vibrational IR band is at 720 cm<sup>−1</sup>, which is attributed to Ce–<em>O</em>–Ce stretching. The BET surface area result indicates that nano-ceria possesses a higher surface area than bulk CeO<sub>2</sub> material. The SEM analysis illustrates cube-like morphology and TEM data show the nanorod-like appearance of ceria. The nanocatalyst exhibited stable and sustainable activity during regeneration up to 5 cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"101 11","pages":"Article 101442"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019452224003224","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
We synthesized the nano CeO2 using the sol-gel method and characterized the material using different techniques, including XRD, FT-IR, BET surface area, SEM, and TEM analysis. We tested the catalytic functionalities of nano CeO2 catalyst for Knoevengel condensation of different substituted benzaldehydes with malononitrile, which offered exceptional 95 % conversion and yield. The results support that nano CeO2 material significantly boosted the yield of the desired product compared to the bulk material. The low-angle XRD profile showed that the regenerated nanomaterial fully retained the porous nature and cubic structure of ceria. FT-IR results reveal that the characteristic vibrational IR band is at 720 cm−1, which is attributed to Ce–O–Ce stretching. The BET surface area result indicates that nano-ceria possesses a higher surface area than bulk CeO2 material. The SEM analysis illustrates cube-like morphology and TEM data show the nanorod-like appearance of ceria. The nanocatalyst exhibited stable and sustainable activity during regeneration up to 5 cycles.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of the Indian Chemical Society publishes original, fundamental, theorical, experimental research work of highest quality in all areas of chemistry, biochemistry, medicinal chemistry, electrochemistry, agrochemistry, chemical engineering and technology, food chemistry, environmental chemistry, etc.