Harnessing DNA computing and nanopore decoding for practical applications: from informatics to microRNA-targeting diagnostics

IF 40.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Chemical Society Reviews Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI:10.1039/d3cs00396e
Sotaro Takiguchi, Nanami Takeuchi, Vasily Shenshin, Guillaume Gines, Anthony J. Genot, Jeff Nivala, Yannick Rondelez, Ryuji Kawano
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Abstract

DNA computing represents a subfield of molecular computing with the potential to become a significant area of next-generation computation due to the high programmability inherent in the sequence-dependent molecular behaviour of DNA. Recent studies in DNA computing have extended from mathematical informatics to biomedical applications, with a particular focus on diagnostics that exploit the biocompatibility of DNA molecules. The output of DNA computing devices is encoded in nucleic acid molecules, which must then be decoded into human-recognizable signals for practical applications. Nanopore technology, which utilizes an electrical and label-free decoding approach, provides a unique platform to bridge DNA and electronic computing for practical use. In this tutorial review, we summarise the fundamental knowledge, technologies, and methodologies of DNA computing (logic gates, circuits, neural networks, and non-DNA input circuity). We then focus on nanopore-based decoding, and highlight recent advances in medical diagnostics targeting microRNAs as biomarkers. Finally, we conclude with the potential and challenges for the practical implementation of these techniques. We hope that this tutorial will provide a comprehensive insight and enable the general reader to grasp the fundamental principles and diverse applications of DNA computing and nanopore decoding, and will inspire a wide range of scientists to explore and push the boundaries of these technologies.

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利用 DNA 计算和纳米孔解码实现实际应用:从信息学到微 RNA 靶向诊断学
DNA 计算是分子计算的一个子领域,由于 DNA 与序列相关的分子行为本身具有很高的可编程性,因此有可能成为下一代计算的一个重要领域。DNA 计算的最新研究已从数学信息学扩展到生物医学应用,尤其侧重于利用 DNA 分子的生物兼容性进行诊断。DNA 计算设备的输出以核酸分子编码,然后必须解码成人类可识别的信号才能实际应用。纳米孔技术采用电学和无标记解码方法,为连接 DNA 和电子计算机的实际应用提供了一个独特的平台。在这篇教程综述中,我们总结了 DNA 计算的基础知识、技术和方法(逻辑门、电路、神经网络和非 DNA 输入电路)。然后,我们将重点介绍基于纳米孔的解码,并着重介绍以 microRNA 作为生物标记物的医学诊断方面的最新进展。最后,我们总结了这些技术在实际应用中的潜力和挑战。我们希望本教程能为广大读者提供一个全面的视角,使他们能够掌握 DNA 计算和纳米孔解码的基本原理和各种应用,并激励广大科学家探索和推动这些技术的发展。
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来源期刊
Chemical Society Reviews
Chemical Society Reviews 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
80.80
自引率
1.10%
发文量
345
审稿时长
6.0 months
期刊介绍: Chemical Society Reviews is published by: Royal Society of Chemistry. Focus: Review articles on topics of current interest in chemistry; Predecessors: Quarterly Reviews, Chemical Society (1947–1971); Current title: Since 1971; Impact factor: 60.615 (2021); Themed issues: Occasional themed issues on new and emerging areas of research in the chemical sciences
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