Identifying cognitive, affective, and developmental mechanisms linking threat and deprivation with adolescent psychopathology.

IF 6.5 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI:10.1111/jcpp.14067

Ekaterina Sadikova, David G Weissman, Maya L Rosen, Elise Robinson, Liliana J Lengua, Margaret A Sheridan, Henning Tiemeier, Katie A McLaughlin

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Abstract

Background: The mechanisms linking early-life adversity with psychopathology over the life-course are complex. In this prospective study, we collectively examined cognitive, affective, and developmental mediators previously found to individually link childhood threat and deprivation experiences to adolescent psychopathology to identify the most potent mechanisms.

Methods: Data came from a community sample of 227 children (mean child age 11.5 ± 0.5 years, 48.5% female) from the Seattle metro area with recruitment designed to reflect diversity in family income. Candidate mechanisms included self-rated pubertal development and task-measured attention bias to threat, emotion regulation, theory of mind, fear learning, inhibitory control, language ability, reasoning, and reward sensitivity. Using a high-dimensional mediation approach, we determined which mediating pathways linking threat and deprivation to psychopathology persisted after controlling for all candidate mechanisms associated with psychopathology. Models additionally controlled for the child's age, sex, early-childhood emotional and behavioral symptoms, poverty, and maternal depression.

Results: Blunted reward sensitivity mediated the prospective relationship between threat and internalizing psychopathology, explaining 17.25% (95% CI 1.08%, 69.96%) of this association. Advanced pubertal development was associated with increases in internalizing and externalizing symptoms (standardized associations of 0.16 (95% CI 0.03, 0.29) and 0.17 (95% CI 0.05, 0.29), respectively), but not with adversity. Although deprivation was strongly related to psychopathology, no mechanisms were empirically identified.

Conclusions: In a well-characterized community sample, we isolated reward sensitivity as a robust mediator of the prospective association between early-life threat and adolescent internalizing psychopathology. Interventions aimed at bolstering reward sensitivity may mitigate the impact of early-life threat experiences on internalizing problems.

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确定将威胁和剥夺与青少年心理病理学联系起来的认知、情感和发展机制。

背景：早期逆境与一生中的精神病理学之间的关联机制非常复杂。在这项前瞻性研究中，我们综合考察了认知、情感和发展方面的中介因素，这些因素以前曾被发现单独地将童年的威胁和匮乏经历与青少年心理病理学联系起来，从而找出最有效的机制：数据来自西雅图都会区的一个社区样本，样本中有 227 名儿童（平均年龄为 11.5 ± 0.5 岁，48.5% 为女性），样本的招募旨在反映家庭收入的多样性。候选机制包括自我评价的青春期发育和任务测量的对威胁的注意偏差、情绪调节、心智理论、恐惧学习、抑制控制、语言能力、推理和奖赏敏感性。利用高维中介方法，我们确定了在控制了所有与精神病理学相关的候选机制后，哪些中介途径将威胁和剥夺与精神病理学联系在一起。模型还控制了儿童的年龄、性别、儿童早期情绪和行为症状、贫困和母亲抑郁：结果：奖赏敏感性减弱在威胁与内化心理病理学之间的前瞻性关系中起中介作用，解释了17.25%（95% CI 1.08%，69.96%）的这种关联。青春期发育提前与内化和外化症状的增加有关（标准化关联分别为 0.16 (95% CI 0.03, 0.29) 和 0.17 (95% CI 0.05, 0.29)），但与逆境无关。虽然贫困与精神病理学密切相关，但没有发现经验机制：结论：在一个特征明确的社区样本中，我们发现奖赏敏感性是早期生活威胁与青少年内化心理病理学之间前瞻性关联的一个强有力的中介因素。旨在提高奖赏敏感性的干预措施可能会减轻早期生活威胁经历对内化问题的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

13.80

自引率

5.30%

发文量

169

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (JCPP) is a highly regarded international publication that focuses on the fields of child and adolescent psychology and psychiatry. It is recognized for publishing top-tier, clinically relevant research across various disciplines related to these areas. JCPP has a broad global readership and covers a diverse range of topics, including: Epidemiology: Studies on the prevalence and distribution of mental health issues in children and adolescents. Diagnosis: Research on the identification and classification of childhood disorders. Treatments: Psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological interventions for child and adolescent mental health. Behavior and Cognition: Studies on the behavioral and cognitive aspects of childhood disorders. Neuroscience and Neurobiology: Research on the neural and biological underpinnings of child mental health. Genetics: Genetic factors contributing to the development of childhood disorders. JCPP serves as a platform for integrating empirical research, clinical studies, and high-quality reviews from diverse perspectives, theoretical viewpoints, and disciplines. This interdisciplinary approach is a key feature of the journal, as it fosters a comprehensive understanding of child and adolescent mental health. The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry is published 12 times a year and is affiliated with the Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health (ACAMH), which supports the journal's mission to advance knowledge and practice in the field of child and adolescent mental health.