Investigating wall shear stress and the static pressure in bone scaffolds: a study of porosity and fluid flow dynamics.

IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 BIOPHYSICS Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI:10.1007/s10237-024-01904-9
Vedang Gadgil, Shriram Kumbhojkar, Tushar Sapre, Prathamesh Deshmukh, Pankaj Dhatrak
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Abstract

In bone tissue engineering, scaffolds are crucial as they provide a suitable structure for cell proliferation. Transporting Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) to the cells and regulating the scaffold's biocompatibility are both controlled by the dynamics of the fluid passing through the scaffold pores. Scaffold design selection and modeling are thus important in tissue engineering to achieve successful bone regeneration. This study aims to design and analyze three scaffold designs-Face-Centered Cubic (FCC), and two newly developed designs Octagonal Truss and a Square Pyramid with four porosity variations. The research aims to analyze the effect of design and porosity variation on pressure and wall shear stress, essential for analyzing scaffold biocompatibility in tissue engineering. Three scaffold designs with varying porosities with strut diameters ranging from 0.3  to 0.6 mm were modeled to analyze the behavior using BioMed Clear Resin. The fluid dynamics within these scaffolds were then examined using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to understand how different porosity levels affect fluid flow pressure and wall shear stress. The findings revealed variations in wall shear stress and their influence on cell proliferation. The maximum value of wall shear stress (WSS) is observed in the Square Pyramid model. The analysis shows that WSS at the inlet decreases as strut diameters increase or porosity percentages rise offering valuable insights for the development of effective scaffold designs. It can be concluded from the results that the Square Pyramid design has the highest value of WSS, thus increasing the chances of cell growth. From a biological perspective, the results of this work show promise for creating better scaffolds for tissue engineering.

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研究骨支架中的壁剪应力和静压力:孔隙率和流体流动动力学研究。
在骨组织工程中,支架至关重要,因为它能为细胞增殖提供合适的结构。向细胞输送杜氏改良老鹰培养基(DMEM)和调节支架的生物相容性都受控于流体通过支架孔隙的动力学。因此,支架的设计选择和建模在组织工程学中对实现成功的骨再生非常重要。本研究旨在设计和分析三种支架设计--面心立方体(FCC),以及两种新开发的设计--八角桁架和方形金字塔,以及四种孔隙率变化。研究旨在分析设计和孔隙率变化对压力和壁剪切应力的影响,这对分析组织工程中支架的生物相容性至关重要。使用 BioMed Clear 树脂对三种孔隙率不同、支柱直径从 0.3 毫米到 0.6 毫米不等的支架设计进行了建模,以分析其行为。然后使用计算流体动力学(CFD)对这些支架内的流体动力学进行了研究,以了解不同孔隙率水平如何影响流体流动压力和壁面剪切应力。研究结果显示了壁剪应力的变化及其对细胞增殖的影响。在方形金字塔模型中观察到了壁面剪切应力(WSS)的最大值。分析表明,入口处的 WSS 会随着支柱直径的增加或孔隙率的增加而减小,这为开发有效的支架设计提供了宝贵的启示。从结果中可以得出结论,方形金字塔设计的 WSS 值最高,从而增加了细胞生长的机会。从生物学角度来看,这项工作的结果表明,有望为组织工程创造出更好的支架。
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来源期刊
Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology
Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology 工程技术-工程:生物医学
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
8.60%
发文量
119
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Mechanics regulates biological processes at the molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, and organism levels. A goal of this journal is to promote basic and applied research that integrates the expanding knowledge-bases in the allied fields of biomechanics and mechanobiology. Approaches may be experimental, theoretical, or computational; they may address phenomena at the nano, micro, or macrolevels. Of particular interest are investigations that (1) quantify the mechanical environment in which cells and matrix function in health, disease, or injury, (2) identify and quantify mechanosensitive responses and their mechanisms, (3) detail inter-relations between mechanics and biological processes such as growth, remodeling, adaptation, and repair, and (4) report discoveries that advance therapeutic and diagnostic procedures. Especially encouraged are analytical and computational models based on solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, or thermomechanics, and their interactions; also encouraged are reports of new experimental methods that expand measurement capabilities and new mathematical methods that facilitate analysis.
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Investigating wall shear stress and the static pressure in bone scaffolds: a study of porosity and fluid flow dynamics. A multiphasic model for determination of mouse ascending thoracic aorta mass transport properties with and without aneurysm. Piezoelectricity and flexoelectricity in biological cells: the role of cell structure and organelles. Multiscale homogenized constrained mixture model of the bio-chemo-mechanics of soft tissue growth and remodeling. Three-dimensional anisotropic unified continuum model for simulating the healing of damaged soft biological tissues.
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