First molecular evidence of bovine hemoplasmas in houseflies (Musca domestica).

IF 2.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES BMC Veterinary Research Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI:10.1186/s12917-024-04343-x
Min-Ho Park, Seok-Jin Cho, Youngjun Kim, Hyung-Chul Cho, Yu-Jin Park, Min-Jeong Ji, Jaehyeok Song, Kyoung-Seong Choi
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Abstract

Background: Hemoplasma infections in cattle are caused by Mycoplasma wenyonii and Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos and induce asymptomatic or chronic infections but occasionally lead to life-threatening hemolytic anemia. Despite the global distribution of bovine hemoplasmas, information regarding their transmission vectors and prevalence is still lacking in the Republic of Korea. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the infection rate of bovine hemoplasma in cattle and houseflies and to assess the risk factors associated with hemoplasma infection in cattle.

Methods: Overall, 376 blood samples were collected from Korean indigenous cattle (male, 10-13 months old), along with 2,690 houseflies (Musca domestica) from the same farm where the cattle were raised. PCR assays targeting the 16S rRNA gene were performed to detect hemoplasmas, and positive samples were sequenced.

Results: The infection rate of bovine hemoplasmas was 50.8% (191/376) in cattle and 7.4% in pooled houseflies. Among cattle, 18.6% (70/376) and 20.0% (75/376) tested positive for M. wenyonii and Candidatus M. haemobos, respectively. Conversely, in houseflies, Candidatus M. haemobos was more frequently detected (5.9%) than M. wenyonii (0.7%). Co-infection was 12.2% (46/376) in cattle and 0.7% in flies. Furthermore, hemoplasma infection was significantly associated with the grazing experience of their dams. Cattle born to cows with grazing experience exhibited a higher risk for M. wenyonii infection (odds ratio [OR] = 1.62; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-2.55; P = 0.045), whereas these cattle had a lower risk for Candidatus M. haemobos infection (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.19-0.74; P = 0.000) than animals born to cows without grazing experience. The sequences obtained from houseflies were confirmed as Candidatus M. haemobos, which displayed high similarity (98.2-100%) to those from cattle obtained in this study.

Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study represents the first report of bovine hemoplasmas identified in houseflies. This molecular evidence suggests that houseflies may be possible vectors for Candidatus M. haemobos.

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家蝇(Musca domestica)中牛血吸虫的首个分子证据。
背景:牛的血支原体感染由文氏支原体(Mycoplasma wenyonii)和血支原体(Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos)引起,可引起无症状或慢性感染,但偶尔也会导致危及生命的溶血性贫血。尽管牛血支原体在全球都有分布,但在大韩民国仍缺乏有关其传播媒介和流行率的信息。因此,本研究旨在调查牛和家蝇的牛血支原体感染率,并评估与牛血支原体感染相关的风险因素:方法:本研究共收集了 376 份韩国本土牛(雄性,10-13 个月大)的血液样本,以及 2690 只家蝇(Musca domestica)的血液样本,这些家蝇来自养牛的同一农场。通过针对 16S rRNA 基因的 PCR 分析检测血吸虫,并对阳性样本进行测序:结果:牛血吸虫感染率为 50.8%(191/376),家蝇感染率为 7.4%。在牛群中,分别有 18.6%(70/376)和 20.0%(75/376)对温氏血吸虫和血吸虫念珠菌检测呈阳性。相反,在家蝇中,M. haemobos念珠菌的检出率(5.9%)高于M. wenyonii念珠菌(0.7%)。牛的合并感染率为 12.2%(46/376),苍蝇的合并感染率为 0.7%。此外,血浆体感染与母牛的放牧经验有很大关系。有放牧经验的母牛所生的牛感染 M. wenyonii 的风险较高(几率比 [OR] = 1.62;95% 置信区间 [CI]:1.03-2.55;P = 0.045),而与没有放牧经验的母牛所生的牛相比,这些牛感染 M. haemobos 的风险较低(几率比 [OR] = 0.32;95% 置信区间 [CI]:0.19-0.74;P = 0.000)。从家蝇身上获得的序列被确认为M. haemobos念珠菌,与本研究中从牛身上获得的序列显示出高度相似性(98.2%-100%):据我们所知,本研究是首次报告在家蝇中发现牛血包虫。这一分子证据表明,家蝇可能是牛血包虫的传播媒介。
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来源期刊
BMC Veterinary Research
BMC Veterinary Research VETERINARY SCIENCES-
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
3.80%
发文量
420
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: BMC Veterinary Research is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of veterinary science and medicine, including the epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of medical conditions of domestic, companion, farm and wild animals, as well as the biomedical processes that underlie their health.
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