Late gestation maternal infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus impacts offspring feedlot performance, digestion, blood parameters, and hot carcass weights.

IF 2.7 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Journal of animal science Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI:10.1093/jas/skae334
T E Engle, O Guimaraes, H Y Loh, M P Thorndyke, H Van Campen, J N Kincade, J M Eder, T R Hansen
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Abstract

Fetal infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) after 150 d results in transient fetal infections (TI). Twenty-five unvaccinated, yearling Hereford heifers, seronegative for antibodies to BVDV1 and BVDV2, were bred by artificial insemination with X chromosome-bearing sperm from one Angus sire to examine the impact of TI on postnatal growth, estimated dry matter digestibility, blood parameters, and carcass characteristics. On d 175 of pregnancy, dams were intranasally inoculated with either sham control or 4.0 log median tissue culture infectious dose noncytopathic type2 BVDV to generate control or TI offspring, respectively. All control dams remained seronegative and all BVDV-inoculated dams seroconverted by d 14 post-inoculation. All control offspring were seronegative and all TI offspring were seropositive for antibodies to type 2 BVDV at birth. All offspring were raised on pasture until weaning. At weaning, all calves were transported to our research feedlot facility, housed in three pens, and transitioned to a high-energy concentrate-based diet. Heifer body weights (BW) and jugular blood samples were collected every 28 d. On d 84 of the feeding period, titanium dioxide was added to the diet of 12, age-paired, individually fed, heifers (6 control and 6 TI heifers; approximately 1 yr. of age) for 28 d and used to estimate dry matter digestibility. On d 105 and 240 ruminal fluid (approximately 900 ml) was collected from every animal using a stomach pump and analyzed for short chain fatty acids (SCFA). After approximately 287 d on feed, heifers were transported to a USDA-inspected abattoir and harvested. TI heifers had lighter final BW (P < 0.04) when compared to control heifers. Average daily gain was greater (P < 0.01) in control compared to TI heifers. TI heifers had a 2.2% lesser (P < 0.05) apparent dry matter digestibility, lighter (P < 0.01) hot carcass weights, but similar ruminal SCFA compared to controls. Blood glucose concentrations were similar (P > 0.8) between control and TI heifers. Ceruloplasmin activity (P < 0.03) and the oxidized form of glutathione (GSSG; P < 0.01), indicators of chronic inflammation, were increased in plasma from TI heifers compared to controls. Other indicators of oxidative stress were not impacted (P > 0.10) by TI status. These data suggest that fetal BVDV transient infection negatively impacts growth throughout the feeding period, possibly by impacting gastrointestinal tract function and increasing systemic inflammation.

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妊娠后期母体感染牛病毒性腹泻病毒会影响后代的饲养性能、消化能力、血液参数和热胴体重量。
胎儿感染牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)150 d 后会出现一过性胎儿感染(TI)。25头未接种BVDV1和BVDV2抗体血清阴性的一岁Hereford小母牛通过人工授精与一头安格斯(Angus)种公牛带有X染色体的精子配种,以研究TI对产后生长、干物质消化率估计值、血液参数和胴体特征的影响。怀孕第 175 天,给母牛鼻内接种假对照或 4.0 log 中位数组织培养感染剂量的非细胞病性 2 型 BVDV,分别产生对照或 TI 后代。所有对照组母鼠血清反应均为阴性,所有接种 BVDV 的母鼠在接种后第 14 天血清反应均为阴性。所有对照组后代的血清反应均为阴性,所有TI后代出生时的2型BVDV抗体均为血清阳性。所有后代在牧场饲养至断奶。断奶时,所有犊牛都被运到我们的研究饲养场,饲养在三个围栏中,并过渡到以高能量精饲料为主的日粮。在饲喂期的第 84 天,向 12 头年龄配对、单独饲喂的小母牛(6 头对照组和 6 头 TI 小母牛;年龄约为 1 岁)的日粮中添加二氧化钛,持续 28 天,用于估算干物质消化率。在第 105 天和 240 天,使用胃泵收集每头动物的瘤胃液(约 900 毫升),并对其进行短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 分析。大约饲喂 287 天后,小母牛被运往美国农业部检查的屠宰场并收获。与对照组小母牛相比,TI 小母牛的最终体重较轻(P < 0.04)。与TI小母牛相比,对照组小母牛的平均日增重更高(P < 0.01)。与对照组相比,TI 小母牛的表观干物质消化率低 2.2% (P < 0.05),热胴体重量轻 (P < 0.01),但瘤胃 SCFA 相似。对照组和 TI 母牛的血糖浓度相似(P > 0.8)。与对照组相比,TI 小母牛血浆中的慢性炎症指标胱磷脂酶活性(P < 0.03)和谷胱甘肽的氧化形式(GSSG;P < 0.01)均有所增加。其他氧化应激指标不受TI状态的影响(P > 0.10)。这些数据表明,胎儿BVDV短暂感染会对整个饲养期的生长产生负面影响,可能是通过影响胃肠道功能和增加全身炎症。
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来源期刊
Journal of animal science
Journal of animal science 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
12.10%
发文量
1589
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Animal Science (JAS) is the premier journal for animal science and serves as the leading source of new knowledge and perspective in this area. JAS publishes more than 500 fully reviewed research articles, invited reviews, technical notes, and letters to the editor each year. Articles published in JAS encompass a broad range of research topics in animal production and fundamental aspects of genetics, nutrition, physiology, and preparation and utilization of animal products. Articles typically report research with beef cattle, companion animals, goats, horses, pigs, and sheep; however, studies involving other farm animals, aquatic and wildlife species, and laboratory animal species that address fundamental questions related to livestock and companion animal biology will be considered for publication.
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