Paula A Forgeron, Jennifer Stinson, Kathryn Birnie, G Allen Finley, Abbie Jordan, Pamela Qualter, Ligyana Candido, Michelle Lamont, Cassidy Bradley, Delane Linkiewich, Trinity Lowthian, Samuel McNally, Natasha Trehan, Bruce Dick
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Loneliness, the perception that one's social relationships do not meet the desire for social connection, is a risk factor for poor mental and physical health. Adolescents with chronic pain experience higher rates of peer loneliness which persists over time. Previous studies used a single loneliness measure, limiting our understanding of the nature of their loneliness. This study describes the types of peer loneliness (intimate, relational, and collective) experienced by these adolescents and the impact that peer loneliness has on pain-related outcomes.
Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was completed by 128 Canadian adolescents aged 12-18 years who experienced pain for at least 3 months. Validated measures captured demographics, pain-related characteristics, types of peer-related loneliness, measures of social well-being, and mental and physical health outcomes.
Results: Friedman's tests of z-scores indicate that participants equally experienced dyadic, relational, and collective peer loneliness. MANCOVA revealed that those who identify as Black were lonelier after controlling for socioeconomic status. Multiple regression showed that loneliness was a robust predicter of worse scores on social well-being and mental health outcomes with males and females equally impacted by loneliness. Despite moderate correlations between loneliness and pain interference and pain intensity, loneliness did not predict school absences, suggesting that loneliness' influence on physical pain outcomes may be temporally earlier (e.g. contribute to pain chronification).
Conclusions: Peer loneliness among adolescents with chronic pain negatively impacts their social well-being and mental health outcomes. Interventions addressing loneliness to target all three types of peer loneliness may be key to improving pain-related outcomes.
背景:孤独是指一个人认为自己的社会关系不能满足其对社会联系的渴望,它是导致身心健康状况不佳的一个危险因素。患有慢性疼痛的青少年有较高的同伴孤独感,而且这种孤独感会随着时间的推移而持续。以往的研究使用单一的孤独感测量方法,限制了我们对其孤独感本质的理解。本研究描述了这些青少年经历的同伴孤独类型(亲密孤独、关系孤独和集体孤独),以及同伴孤独对疼痛相关结果的影响:128名年龄在12-18岁之间、经历过至少3个月疼痛的加拿大青少年完成了一项横断面在线调查。经过验证的测量指标包括人口统计学特征、疼痛相关特征、与同伴相关的孤独感类型、社会幸福感测量指标以及身心健康结果:弗里德曼 Z 值检验表明,参与者同样体验到了同伴间的双向孤独感、关系孤独感和集体孤独感。MANCOVA 显示,在控制了社会经济地位之后,那些被认定为黑人的人更孤独。多元回归显示,孤独感是社会福利和心理健康结果得分较差的可靠预测因素,男性和女性受到孤独感的影响相同。尽管孤独感与疼痛干扰和疼痛强度之间存在中等程度的相关性,但孤独感并不能预测缺课情况,这表明孤独感对身体疼痛结果的影响可能在时间上更早(如导致疼痛慢性化):结论:患有慢性疼痛的青少年的同伴孤独感会对他们的社会福祉和心理健康产生负面影响。针对这三类同伴孤独感的干预措施可能是改善疼痛相关结果的关键。