Effects of FOLFOX Chemotherapy on Tumor Oxygenation and Perfused Vasculature: An In Vivo Study by Optical Techniques

Abstract

The effects of cytotoxic chemotherapy on tumor vasculature and oxygenation are in the focus of modern investigations because vascular structure and distribution of oxygen influence tumor behavior and treatment response. The aim of our study was to monitor changes in the vascular component of colorectal tumor xenografts induced by a clinical combination of chemotherapy drugs FOLFOX in vivo using two complementary techniques: diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and optical coherence tomography–based microangiography (OCT-MA). These techniques revealed a slower decrease in tumor blood oxygenation in treated tumors as compared to untreated ones, faster suppression of tumor vasculature perfusion and increase in water content as a result of treatment, and decrease in total hemoglobin in untreated tumors. Immunohistochemical analysis of hypoxia-inducible factor HIF-2α detected tissue hypoxia as a consequence of inappropriate oxygen supply in the treated tumors. The obtained results show the prospects for monitoring of treatment efficacy using DRS and OCT-MA.