Life, death and environment at Lagore Crannog: Parasites, land-use and a royal residence in later prehistoric and early medieval Ireland

IF 2.6 1区 地球科学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY Journal of Archaeological Science Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI:10.1016/j.jas.2024.106105
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Abstract

Lagore, Co. Meath, has long been a type-site for artificial lake dwellings known as crannogs since excavation in the 1930s by the Harvard Expedition. Renowned for rich finds and documented as the seat of the kings of Southern Brega (8th and 10th centuries AD), alongside the high-status and royal functions of the site, it is now widely recognised that Lagore had a long history of activity stretching back into later prehistory with evidence of deposition of human and animal remains, and metalwork of the Bronze and Iron Ages, and early medieval period. Nonetheless, a poor stratigraphic and archival record has engendered much debate about the timings and tempos of its origins, and the longer-term settlement history of the lough. This paper utilises multi-proxy analysis (Palynology, Geochemistry, Loss-on-Ignition (LOI), Colour, Fourier-transform-infrared-spectroscopy (FTIR) and Attenuated-total-reflectance (ATR)) to provide a deeper chronological understanding of land-use and occupation at Lagore. The most significant findings include the likelihood of local settlement (strong farming and parasite signals) well before the main phases of crannog construction, from at least ∼470 BC; a significant lull in population during the early-mid 5th century AD; a gradual economic recovery from ∼AD 555–620, which coincides with the main phase of crannog construction (based on geochemical and other lithological results); and a slightly later transition into a Royal residence from AD 620, marked by both intensification and diversification of agriculture (wheat/oats, rye, flax and cannabis) and a potential ironworking signal.

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拉戈尔克兰诺格的生命、死亡与环境:寄生虫、土地利用和史前晚期与中世纪早期爱尔兰的皇家宅邸
米斯郡的拉戈尔自 20 世纪 30 年代哈佛探险队发掘以来,米斯(Meath)一直是被称为克兰诺格(crannogs)的人工湖住宅的典型地点。拉戈尔因其丰富的发现而闻名于世,曾是南布雷加国王的所在地(公元 8 世纪至 10 世纪),该遗址具有很高的地位和皇家功能,现在人们普遍认为,拉戈尔的活动历史悠久,可以追溯到史前晚期,有证据表明这里曾沉积过人类和动物的遗骸,以及青铜时代、铁器时代和中世纪早期的金属制品。然而,由于地层和档案记录不全,人们对其起源的时间和节奏以及湖区的长期定居历史争论不休。本文利用多代理分析(古植物学、地球化学、点燃损失率(LOI)、颜色、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和衰减总反射率(ATR))对拉戈尔的土地使用和占领情况进行了更深入的年代学研究。最重要的发现包括:早在石冢建造的主要阶段(至少公元前 470 年)之前,当地就有可能出现定居现象(强烈的农耕和寄生虫信号);公元 5 世纪早中期,人口明显减少;公元 555-620 年间经济逐渐复苏,这与石冢建造的主要阶段相吻合(根据地球化学和其他岩性研究结果);公元 620 年稍后过渡到皇家居住地,其标志是农业的强化和多样化(小麦/燕麦、黑麦、亚麻和大麻)以及潜在的铁器加工信号。
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来源期刊
Journal of Archaeological Science
Journal of Archaeological Science 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
7.10%
发文量
112
审稿时长
49 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of Archaeological Science is aimed at archaeologists and scientists with particular interests in advancing the development and application of scientific techniques and methodologies to all areas of archaeology. This established monthly journal publishes focus articles, original research papers and major review articles, of wide archaeological significance. The journal provides an international forum for archaeologists and scientists from widely different scientific backgrounds who share a common interest in developing and applying scientific methods to inform major debates through improving the quality and reliability of scientific information derived from archaeological research.
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