{"title":"Process-structure–property study of 3D-printed continuous fiber reinforced composites","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108538","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3D-printed fiber-reinforced composites hold many advantages compared to conventional composites in terms of individualization, mass customization, design freedom, and tailoring the composite geometry to load-bearing specifications. Among candidate continuous fibers for reinforcement, basalt fibers (BFs) serve as an eco-friendly alternative with excellent physical and thermal properties. However, the applicability of continuous BFs to be used for 3D-printed polymer composites was rarely addressed in existing literature. Especially, the effects of impregnation density during manufacturing and the influence of local fiber distribution on the fracture behavior of BF-reinforced composites remain unclear. In this study, a solution coating process was employed as a fiber pre-treatment to improve the packing density of BF in a polylactide (PLA) matrix. The effects of the resulting fiber volume fraction (8–31 %) and the local fiber distribution on the tensile fracture mechanisms of 3D printed BF/PLA samples are thoroughly analyzed using three-dimensional X-ray tomography. It was found that at a concentration of 3 wt%, the coating solution uniformly dispersed optimally between the fibers, resulting in improved impregnation densities of the BF in the PLA matrix. Thus, the resulting composite exhibited a tensile strength of 175 MPa and a Young’s modulus of 6.2 GPa, respectively. A standard linear solid (SLS) model is used for property prediction within a composite design framework to be applied to 3D-printed BF/PLA structures. The model is validated with experimental data from tensile tests. The obtained results demonstrate the applicability of eco-friendly BF/PLA composites for 3D printing of industrial high-performance applications with an individualized property profile.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":282,"journal":{"name":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing","FirstCategoryId":"1","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359835X24005360","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
3D-printed fiber-reinforced composites hold many advantages compared to conventional composites in terms of individualization, mass customization, design freedom, and tailoring the composite geometry to load-bearing specifications. Among candidate continuous fibers for reinforcement, basalt fibers (BFs) serve as an eco-friendly alternative with excellent physical and thermal properties. However, the applicability of continuous BFs to be used for 3D-printed polymer composites was rarely addressed in existing literature. Especially, the effects of impregnation density during manufacturing and the influence of local fiber distribution on the fracture behavior of BF-reinforced composites remain unclear. In this study, a solution coating process was employed as a fiber pre-treatment to improve the packing density of BF in a polylactide (PLA) matrix. The effects of the resulting fiber volume fraction (8–31 %) and the local fiber distribution on the tensile fracture mechanisms of 3D printed BF/PLA samples are thoroughly analyzed using three-dimensional X-ray tomography. It was found that at a concentration of 3 wt%, the coating solution uniformly dispersed optimally between the fibers, resulting in improved impregnation densities of the BF in the PLA matrix. Thus, the resulting composite exhibited a tensile strength of 175 MPa and a Young’s modulus of 6.2 GPa, respectively. A standard linear solid (SLS) model is used for property prediction within a composite design framework to be applied to 3D-printed BF/PLA structures. The model is validated with experimental data from tensile tests. The obtained results demonstrate the applicability of eco-friendly BF/PLA composites for 3D printing of industrial high-performance applications with an individualized property profile.
期刊介绍：
Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing is a comprehensive journal that publishes original research papers, review articles, case studies, short communications, and letters covering various aspects of composite materials science and technology. This includes fibrous and particulate reinforcements in polymeric, metallic, and ceramic matrices, as well as 'natural' composites like wood and biological materials. The journal addresses topics such as properties, design, and manufacture of reinforcing fibers and particles, novel architectures and concepts, multifunctional composites, advancements in fabrication and processing, manufacturing science, process modeling, experimental mechanics, microstructural characterization, interfaces, prediction and measurement of mechanical, physical, and chemical behavior, and performance in service. Additionally, articles on economic and commercial aspects, design, and case studies are welcomed. All submissions undergo rigorous peer review to ensure they contribute significantly and innovatively, maintaining high standards for content and presentation. The editorial team aims to expedite the review process for prompt publication.
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