Risk of admission requirement among children with respiratory infection in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era

IF 4.7 3区 医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Journal of Infection and Public Health Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI:10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102570
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Abstract

Background

To evaluate the effect of the type and codetection of respiratory viruses on admission requirements among children with respiratory infections in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era.

Methods

In this retrospective study, we analyzed patients with acute respiratory symptoms using FilmArray® Respiratory Panel between December 2020 and March 2024. The viruses were classified into eight groups: adenovirus, seasonal coronavirus, human metapneumovirus, human rhinovirus/enterovirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and severe acute respiratory virus coronavirus-2. The impact of the detected viral groups and viral codetection on hospitalization rates were examined using multivariable regression analysis in three pediatric age groups (<2 years, 2–4 years, and 5–17 years).

Results

A total of 4684 tests were performed, of which 3555 (75.9 %) tested positive for at least one respiratory virus and negative for atypical bacteria. Of these, 946 (26.6 %) were hospitalized. Multivariable regression analyses showed that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection was associated with hospitalization requirement among young children (adjusted odds ratios (aOR) 2.46 [1.65–3.67], p < 0.001 in < 2 years, and 1.34 [1.02–2.30], p = 0.042 in 2–4 years). Influenza (aOR 0.23 [0.07–0.83], p = 0.025) and SARS-CoV-2 (aOR 0.39 [0.22–0.69], p = 0.001) were negatively correlated with hospitalization among children younger than 2 years. Viral codetection was not significantly associated with hospitalization in any pediatric age group.

Conclusion

RSV infection was associated with a higher risk of hospitalization in children younger than 5 years than other respiratory viruses. These results highlight the importance of preventive measures against RSV infections, including maternal vaccination and childhood immunization.
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后 COVID-19 大流行时代呼吸道感染患儿入院要求的风险
方法在这项回顾性研究中,我们使用 FilmArray® Respiratory Panel 对 2020 年 12 月至 2024 年 3 月期间出现急性呼吸道症状的患者进行了分析。病毒分为八组:腺病毒、季节性冠状病毒、人类偏肺病毒、人类鼻病毒/肠道病毒、流感病毒、副流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒和严重急性呼吸道病毒冠状病毒-2。结果 共进行了 4684 次检测,其中 3555 次(75.9%)检测出至少一种呼吸道病毒呈阳性,非典型细菌呈阴性。其中 946 人(26.6%)住院治疗。多变量回归分析表明,呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)感染与幼儿的住院需求有关(调整后的几率比(aOR)为 2.46 [1.65-3.67],2 岁儿童为 0.001,2-4 岁儿童为 1.34 [1.02-2.30],p = 0.042)。流感(aOR 0.23 [0.07-0.83],p = 0.025)和 SARS-CoV-2 (aOR 0.39 [0.22-0.69],p = 0.001)与 2 岁以下儿童的住院率呈负相关。结论与其他呼吸道病毒相比,RSV 感染导致 5 岁以下儿童住院的风险更高。这些结果凸显了预防 RSV 感染措施的重要性,包括孕产妇疫苗接种和儿童免疫接种。
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来源期刊
Journal of Infection and Public Health
Journal of Infection and Public Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH -INFECTIOUS DISEASES
CiteScore
13.10
自引率
1.50%
发文量
203
审稿时长
96 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of Infection and Public Health, first official journal of the Saudi Arabian Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences and the Saudi Association for Public Health, aims to be the foremost scientific, peer-reviewed journal encompassing infection prevention and control, microbiology, infectious diseases, public health and the application of healthcare epidemiology to the evaluation of health outcomes. The point of view of the journal is that infection and public health are closely intertwined and that advances in one area will have positive consequences on the other. The journal will be useful to all health professionals who are partners in the management of patients with communicable diseases, keeping them up to date. The journal is proud to have an international and diverse editorial board that will assist and facilitate the publication of articles that reflect a global view on infection control and public health, as well as emphasizing our focus on supporting the needs of public health practitioners. It is our aim to improve healthcare by reducing risk of infection and related adverse outcomes by critical review, selection, and dissemination of new and relevant information in the field of infection control, public health and infectious diseases in all healthcare settings and the community.
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